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NATO

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North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord



NATO countries shown in blue

Formation4 April 1949
TypeMilitary alliance
HeadquartersBrussels, Belgium
Membership32 member states
Official languagesEnglish, French[1]
Secretary GeneralMark Rutte
Budget4,6 Mrd. EUR (2025)[2]
Website
http://www.nato.int/

North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), jiske North Atlantic Alliance, Atlantic Alliance, Western Alliance, ke naam se jaana jaawe hai ek international organization hai jiske santi aur and surakchha khatir 1949 me suruu karaa gais rahaa jab Washington, D.C., USA, me 4 April, 1949 me ek treaty pe sign karaa gais rahaa. Isske headquarters Brussels, Belgium me hai. Iske duusra official naam French me, Organisation du Traité de l'Atlantique Nord (OTAN) hai.

Bhasa

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NATO ke dui official bhasa, English aur French hai..

Itihaas

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Suruu me iske member United States, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, France, United Kingdom, Canada, Portugal, Italy, Norway, Denmark aur Iceland rahaa. Tiin saal baad 18 February 1952 ke , Greece aur Turkey bhi join bhais.

States of NATO

West Germany 9 May 1955 NATO ke join karis..[3] Cold war ke baad, 1999 me Hungary, the Czechia, aur Poland me join bhais. 29 March 2004me saat aur des, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Bulgaria, aur Romania bhi NATO join karis.

Croatia aur Albania, 3 April 2008 ke NATO join karis.

Member ke suchi

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Country Population[4]
(2025)		 GDP (nominal)[5]
(2023, US$ millions)		 Military expenditures[6]
(2024, US$ millions)		 Military expenditures[7]
(2024, % of GDP)
 Albania 2,771,508 23,547 516 2.00
 Belgium 11,758,603 644,783 8,519 1.15
 Bulgaria 6,714,560 102,408 2,325 1.55
 Canada 40,126,723 2,142,470 30,495 1.28
 Croatia 3,848,160 84,393 1,624 1.77
 Czech Republic 10,609,239 343,208 6,834 1.31
 Denmark 6,002,507 407,092 9,940 1.47
 Estonia 1,344,232 41,291 1,437 1.75
 Finland 5,623,329 295,532 7,308 2.37
 France 66,650,804 3,051,830 64,271 2.37
 Germany 84,075,075 4,525,700 97,686 1.41
 Greece 9,938,844 243,498 7,684 3.07
 Hungary 9,632,287 212,389 4,889 1.02
 Iceland 398,266 31,325 0 0.00
 Italy 59,146,260 2,300,940 34,462 1.86
 Latvia 1,853,559 42,247 1,421 1.15
 Lithuania 2,830,144 79,789 2,300 1.19
 Luxembourg 680,453 85,755 785 0.57
 Montenegro 632,729 7,530 162 1.48
 Netherlands 18,346,819 1,154,360 21,460 1.48
 North Macedonia 1,813,791 15,763 353 1.52
 Norway 5,623,071 485,311 10,606 1.52
 Poland 38,140,910 809,201 34,975 1.78
 Portugal 10,411,834 289,114 4,627 2.27
 Romania 18,908,650 350,776 8,644 1.33
 Slovakia 5,474,881 132,908 2,841 1.17
 Slovenia 2,117,072 69,148 949 1.69
 Spain 47,889,958 1,620,090 21,269 1.12
 Sweden 10,656,633 584,960 13,428 2.10
 Turkey 87,685,426 1,118,250 22,776 2.10
 United Kingdom 69,551,332 3,380,850 82,107 2.55
 United States 347,275,807 27,720,700 967,707 4.60
Europe + Canada 641,257,659 24,143,217 506,692 2.02
Total 988,533,466 51,863,917 1,474,399 2.71

Aur dekho

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Further reading

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  • Asmus, Ronald D. Opening NATO's Door: How the Alliance Remade Itself for a New Era Columbia U. Press, 2002. 372 pp.
  • Bacevich, Andrew J. and Cohen, Eliot A. War over Kosovo: Politics and Strategy in a Global Age. Columbia U. Press, 2002. 223 pp.
  • Eisenhower, Dwight D. The Papers of Dwight David Eisenhower. Vols. 12 and 13: NATO and the Campaign of 1952 : Louis Galambos et al., ed. Johns Hopkins U. Press, 1989. 1707 pp. in 2 vol.
  • Daclon, Corrado Maria Security through Science: Interview with Jean Fournet, Assistant Secretary General of NATO, Analisi Difesa, 2004. no. 42
  • Ganser, Daniele Natos Secret Armies: Operation Gladio and Terrorism in Western Europe, ISBN 0-7146-5607-0
  • Gearson, John and Schake, Kori, ed. The Berlin Wall Crisis: Perspectives on Cold War Alliances Palgrave Macmillan, 2002. 209 pp.
  • Gheciu, Alexandra. NATO in the 'New Europe' Stanford University Press, 2005. 345 pp.
  • Hendrickson, Ryan C. Diplomacy and War at NATO: The Secretary General and Military Action After the Cold War Univ. of Missouri Press, 2006. 175 pp.
  • Hunter, Robert. "The European Security and Defense Policy: NATO's Companion - Or Competitor?" RAND National Security Research Division, 2002. 206 pp.
  • Jordan, Robert S. Norstad: Cold War NATO Supreme Commander - Airman, Strategist, Diplomat St. Martin's Press, 2000. 350 pp.
  • Kaplan, Lawrence S. The Long Entanglement: NATO's First Fifty Years. Praeger, 1999. 262 pp.

facked up retard NATO Divided, NATO United: The Evolution of an Alliance. Praeger, 2004. 165 pp.

  • Kaplan, Lawrence S., ed. American Historians and the Atlantic Alliance. Kent State U. Press, 1991. 192 pp.
  • Lambeth, Benjamin S. NATO's Air War in Kosovo: A Strategic and Operational Assessment Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND, 2001. 250 pp.
  • Létourneau, Paul. Le Canada et l'OTAN après 40 ans, 1949–1989 Quebec: Cen. Québécois de Relations Int., 1992. 217 pp.
  • Maloney, Sean M. Securing Command of the Sea: NATO Naval Planning, 1948–1954. Naval Institute Press, 1995. 276 pp.
  • John C. Milloy. North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, 1948–1957: Community or Alliance? (2006), focus on non-military issues
  • Powaski, Ronald E. The Entangling Alliance: The United States and European Security, 1950–1993. Greenwood, 1994. 261 pp.
  • Ruane, Kevin. The Rise and Fall of the European Defense Community: Anglo-American Relations and the Crisis of European Defense, 1950–55 Palgrave, 2000. 252 pp.
  • Sandler, Todd and Hartley, Keith. The Political Economy of NATO: Past, Present, and into the 21st Century. Cambridge U. Press, 1999. 292 pp.
  • Smith, Jean Edward, and Canby, Steven L.The Evolution of NATO with Four Plausible Threat Scenarios. Canada Department of Defense: Ottawa, 1987. 117 pp.
  • Smith, Joseph, ed. The Origins of NATO Exeter, UK U. of Exeter Press, 1990. 173 pp.
  • Telo, António José. Portugal e a NATO: O Reencontro da Tradiçoa Atlântica Lisbon: Cosmos, 1996. 374 pp.
  • Zorgbibe, Charles. Histoire de l'OTAN Brussels: Complexe, 2002. 283 pp.


References

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  1. ↑ "English and French shall be the official languages for the entire North Atlantic Treaty Organisation.", Final Communiqué following the meeting of the North Atlantic Council on September 17, 1949. "(..)the English and French texts [of the Treaty] are equally authentic(...)"The North Atlantic Treaty, Article 14
  2. ↑ "Funding NATO" (in English). NATO.int. 2024-12-19. Retrieved 2025-04-02.
  3. ↑ http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/may/9/newsid_2519000/2519979.stm
  4. ↑ "Population by Country (2025)" (in English). Worldometer. Retrieved 2025-04-02.
  5. ↑ "GDP by Country" (in English). Worldometer. Retrieved 2025-04-02.
  6. ↑ "Defence Expenditure of NATO Countries (2014-2024)" (pdf) (in English). Retrieved 2025-04-02.
  7. ↑ "Defence Expenditure of NATO Countries (2014-2024)" (pdf) (in English). Retrieved 2025-04-02.

Duusra websites

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Wikimedia Commons me North Atlantic Treaty Organisation ke baare me kuchh media hae.

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