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Islam

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Islam
ٱلْإِسْلَام
al-Islām
Kaaba jon Masjid al-Haram, Mecca, Saudi Arabia me hae, Islam ke holiest site hae.
VibhagAbrahamic
Dharm-kitaabQuran
BiswasMonotheistic
IlaakaMiddle East, Africa, Central Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia, Caucasus, Southeastern Europe[1][2]
BhasaQuranic Arabic
TerritoryMuslim world
Suruu kare waalaMuhammad[3]
Suruwaat610 CE
Jabal al-Nour, Mecca, Hejaz, Arabian Peninsula
Vibhajan
Number of followersTemplate:Est. 1.9 billion[7] ▲ (individually referred to as Muslims, collectively referred to as the Ummah)
Dunia bhar ke muslim population by percentage

Islam (Arbii: إسلام) uu dharam hae jiske Muhammad, Arabia me 7th century me suruu karis rahaa.[8]Jon log ii dharam ke maane hae ke Muslim bola jaawe hae. Uu logan ek bhagwaan jiske Arbii me Allah, bolaa jaawe hae ke maane hae. Muslim log ii biswas kare hae ki Muhammad bhagwaan ke aakhri prophet rahaa. Muslim log ke holy book Quran hae. Muslim log dui aur book Sunnah aur Hadith ke bhi parrrhe hae.

Islam Mecca me 610 CE me suruu bhais rahaa jab Muhammed ke pahila revelation mila. Muhammed ke maut talak, Arabian Peninsul ake jaada log Muslim ban gae rahin. Rashidun Caliphate ayr Umayyad Caliphate ke niche islam Iberian Peniinsula se Indus Valley talak fael gais rahaa. Abbasid Caliphate ke niche Muslim world me scientific, economic aur cultural pragati bhais rahaa.

Islam ke dui khaas sect hae Sunni Islam (85-90%) aur Shia Islam (10 - 15%). Shia aur Sunni ke biich ke vibajin Muhammed ke succession ke kaaran suruu bhais rahaa. Duuno me ek aur khaas antar hae ki jab Sunni dadith me chhe book hae, tab Shia hadith me chaar book hae.

Dunia bhar me 1.9 billion Muslim hae aur ii, Christianity ke baad, sab se barra majhab hae. Muslim log 49 des me majority me hae.[9] Dunia ke lagbhag 12% Muslim log Indonesia me rahe hae aur ii sab se barraa Muslim majority waala des hae. 31% Muslim log South Asia me rahe hae, 20% Middle East me rahe hae aur 15% Sub-Saharan Africa me rahe hae. Muslim log Americas, China aur Europe me bhi rahe hae. Islam, dunis ke sab se jorr barrhe waala dharam hae, jiske ke kaaram high fertility rate hae.

Articles of faith

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Islam me chhe articles me biswas karaa jaae hae: Allah, farista (angel), ilhaam (revelation), nabi (prophet), Day of Resurrection aur divine predestination.[10]

Allah

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Istanbul, Turkey me calligraphy sabd Allah ke Arabii me dekhae hae

Islam ke khaas idea hae ki khaali ek Allah hae.[11][12] Islam ii sikhae hae ki universe me sab chij ke Allah ke command se banaa hae.[13]

Farista

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Muhammad ke farista, Gabriel, revelation de hae. Ek 1307 ke manuscript se

Farista ke baare me Quran aur hadith me likha hae. Iske Allah banais hae aur ii Allah ke revelation ke log talak pahunchae hae.[14][15][16] or 'fire' (nār).[17][18][19]

Scriptures

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A Quran manuscript resting on a rehal, a book rest for the holy text

Islam ke khaas kitab Quran hae. Muslim log ii biswas kare hae ki Quran ke Muhammed ke farista Gabriel, 610 aur 632 ke biich me, reveal karis rahaa.[20][21]

Nabi

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A 15th century[22] Persian miniature dekhae hae Muhammad, Abraham, Moses, Jesus and duusra prophets ke prayer me lead kare hae

Muslim log biswas kare hae ke Allah, prophet ke divine message ke preach kare ke khaatir chunis hae. Muslims biswas kare hae ki prophet insaan hae aur sab prophet Allah ke ekke message ke preach kare hae. Quran me dher prophet ke naam hae, jaise ki Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus. [23] Muslims biswas kare hae ki Muhammed aakhri prophet hae.[24]

Resurrection aur judgement

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The Umayyad Mosque Damascus me, jahan pe Islamic tradition ke anusaar Judgement day me Jesus appear hoi.

Divine predestination

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Ii bhi dekho

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References

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  1. ↑ Center, Pew Research (2013-04-30). "The World's Muslims: Religion, Politics and Society". Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project (in English). Archived from the original on 25 October 2023. Retrieved 2024-03-20.
  2. ↑ "The Spread of Islam in West Africa: Containment, Mixing, and Reform from".
  3. ↑ Welch, Alford T.; Moussalli, Ahmad S.; Newby, Gordon D. (2009). "Muḥammad". In Esposito, John L. (ed.). The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 11 February 2017.CS1 maint: unfit url (link)
  4. ↑ Bausani, A. (1999). "Bāb". Encyclopedia of Islam. Leiden: Brill.
  5. ↑ Van der Vyer, J. D. (1996). Religious human rights in global perspective: religious perspectives. Martinus Nijhoff. p. 449. ISBN 90-411-0176-4. https://archive.org/details/religioushumanri0000unse.
  6. ↑ Yazbeck Haddad, Yvonne (2014). The Oxford Handbook of American Islam. Oxford University Press. p. 142. ISBN 9780199862634.
  7. ↑ "Religious Composition by Country, 2010-2050". Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project. 21 December 2022. Archived from the original on 28 January 2023. Retrieved 2024-03-09.
  8. ↑ "Muhammad: Biography, Prophet, Founder of Islam". Biography. 10 April 2024. Retrieved 29 November 2024.
  9. ↑ "Pew-Templeton Global Religious Futures Project - Research and data from Pew Research Center". 21 December 2022. Archived from the original on 5 February 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  10. ↑ Beversluis, Joel, ed. (2011). Sourcebook of the World's Religions: An Interfaith Guide to Religion and Spirituality. New World Library. pp. 68–9. ISBN 9781577313328. https://books.google.com/books?id=dbSPOoQfu0IC&pg=PA68. Retrieved 15 January 2023.
  11. ↑ "Tawhid". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 7 November 2021. Retrieved 17 September 2021.
  12. ↑ Template:Harvc Template:Doi
  13. ↑ Schimmel, Annemarie. "Islam". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 4 May 2015. Retrieved 17 September 2021.
  14. ↑ "Nūr Archived 23 Aprel 2022 at the Wayback Machine." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. – via Encyclopedia.com.
  15. ↑ Template:Harvc Template:Doi
  16. ↑ Template:Harvc Template:Doi
  17. ↑ Template:Harvc. – via Encyclopedia.com.
  18. ↑ Template:Harvc Template:Doi
  19. ↑ Template:Harvc Template:Doi
  20. ↑ Template:Harvc
  21. ↑ Watt, William Montgomery (2003). Islam and the Integration of Society. Psychology Press. pp. 5. ISBN 978-0-415-17587-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=AQUZ6BGyohQC&pg=PA5. Retrieved 15 June 2021.
  22. ↑ "BnF. Département des Manuscrits. Supplément turc 190". Bibliothèque nationale de France. Archived from the original on 9 September 2023. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
  23. ↑ Reeves, J. C. (2004). Bible and Qurʼān: Essays in scriptural intertextuality. Leiden: Brill. p. 177. ISBN 90-04-12726-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=WNId86Eu4TEC. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
  24. ↑ Esposito, John L. 2009. "Islam." In Template:Doi-inline, edited by J. L. Esposito. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-530513-5. (See also: quick reference Archived 10 Janwari 2021 at the Wayback Machine.) "Profession of Faith...affirms Islam's absolute monotheism and acceptance of Muḥammad as the messenger of Allah, the last and final prophet."
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