madat:IPA/Gujarati

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Gujarati language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA-gu}} and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

See Gujarati phonology for a more thorough discussion of the sounds of Gujarati.

Consonants IPA Gujarati IAST English approximation b બ b bat bʱ ભ bh clubhhouse β ભ bh somewhat like averse d દ d dog ð ધ dh other dʱ ધ dh redhead ɖ ડ ḍ American English bird ɖʱ ઢ ḍh American English birdhouse dʒ જ j jack dʒʱ ઝ z hedgehog f ફ ph afraid ɡ ગ g gate ɡʱ ઘ gh loghouse ɣ ઘ gh go, but without completely blocking airflow on the g h ઃ ḥ head ɦ હ h ahead j ય y yak k ક k scold kʰ ખ kh cold l લ l leaf ɭ ળ l somewhat like Merlin m મ m much n ન n not ɳ ણ ṇ somewhat like burner ɲ ઞ ñ canyon ŋ ઙ ṅ bank p પ p span pʰ ફ ph pan ɾ ર r atom (American English) ɽ ડ ḍ somewhat like murder ɽʱ ઢ ḍh No English equivalent ɽ̃ ણ ṇ as above, but nasal [[|s]] સ s sue ʂ ષ ṣ somewhat like worship ʃ શ ś sheep t ત t stop tʰ થ th top ʈ ટ ṭ somewhat like court ʈʰ ઠ ṭh somewhat like tree tʃ ચ c catch tʃʰ છ ch cheese ʋ વ v vine

Vowels IPA Gujarati IAST English approximation ɑ આ, કા ā bra æ cash e એ, કે e pay ɛ ઍ, કૅ â bed ə અ, ક a about i ઇ/ ઈ, કિ/ કી i see o ઓ, કો o story ɔ ઑ, કૉ ô off u ઉ/ ઊ, કુ/ કૂ u look əj ઐ, કૈ ai kite əʋ ઔ, કૌ au house Other symbols IPA Gujarati IAST Notes ◌̃ ં ṃ nasal vowel ([õː], etc.) ◌̃ ◌̤ murmured vowel ː Length: Vowels are long when nasal (e.g. [moʈʈũː] ˈ stress (placed before stressed syllable)

References

• Cardona, George; Suthar, Babu (2003), "Gujarati", in Cardona, George; Jain, Dhanesh (eds.), The Indo-Aryan Languages, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-77294-5
• Masica, Colin (1991), The Indo-Aryan Languages, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-29944-2
• Mistry, P.J. (1997), "Gujarati Phonology", in Kaye, A.S (ed.), Phonologies of Asia and Africa, Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, ISBN 1-57506-019-1
• Mistry, P.J. (2003), "Gujarati", in Frawley, William (ed.), International Encyclopedia of Linguistics, 2 (2nd ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-516784-8