Bharat Ratna

Bharat Ratna (Hindi pronunciation: [bʰaːɾət̪ rət̪nə]; Jewel of India) Republic of India ke sabase baraa civil award hae^[1]. iske suruvaat 2 January 1954, ko kiya gayaa raha, ii award bika kisi race, occupation, position, yaa sex ke bhedbhaav ke diya jataa hae^[2]. Ii award India ke Rashtrapati (President of India) se diyaa jae hae. Il award ki purani chakra ke emblem burnished bronze ki bane gais hae aur 4.7 mm wide hair, 5.8 mm lamba aur 3.1 mm thick. Iska design leaf jaisa hae. Doosre taraf ek ashok ke sher ke tasveer hae. Sundial urf chakra pehle silver gilt ka bana gais tha.

Banne ki jagha: Alipore Mint, Kolkata, India

Isse pehle di gai medal: Padma Vibhushan

ribbon

Bharat Ratna pane wale logan ke suchi

**Bharat Ratna pane wale logan ke suchi**^[3]
Year	Recipient	State / Country^{[lower-alpha 1]}	Life span	Area of Contribution
1954	C. Rajagopalachari	Tamil Nadu	1878–1972	Politics & Public Affairs
	Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan	Tamil Nadu	1888–1975	Politics & Public Affairs
	C. V. Raman	Tamil Nadu	1888–1970	Science
1955	Bhagwan Das	Uttar Pradesh	1869–1958	Education, Literature & Philosophy
	M. Visvesvaraya	Karnataka	1861–1962	Engineering
	Jawaharlal Nehru	Uttar Pradesh	1889–1964	Politics & Public Affairs
1957	Govind Ballabh Pant	Uttar Pradesh	1887–1961	Politics & Public Affairs
1958	Dhondo Keshav Karve	Maharashtra	1858–1962	Social Reforms & Social Work
1961	Bidhan Chandra Roy	West Bengal	1882–1962	Education, Literature & Philosophy
1961	Purushottam Das Tandon	Uttar Pradesh	1882–1962	Politics & Public Affairs
1962	Rajendra Prasad	Bihar	1884–1963	Politics & Public Affairs
1963	Zakir Husain	Telangana	1897–1969	Politics & Public Affairs
1963	Pandurang Vaman Kane	Maharashtra	1880–1972	Education, Literature & Philosophy
1966	Lal Bahadur Shastri^{Template:Hash}	Uttar Pradesh	1904–1966	Politics & Public Affairs
1971	Indira Gandhi	Uttar Pradesh	1917–1984	Politics & Public Affairs
1975	V. V. Giri	Odisha	1894–1980	Politics & Public Affairs
1976	K. Kamaraj^{Template:Hash}	Tamil Nadu	1903–1975	Politics & Public Affairs
1980	Mother Teresa ⁺	West Bengal (b.Skopje, North Macedonia)	1910–1997	Social Reforms & Social Work
1983	Vinoba Bhave^{Template:Hash}	Maharashtra	1895–1982	Social Reforms & Social Work
1987	Abdul Ghaffar Khan^{Template:Asterisk}	Pakistan	1890–1988	Politics & Public Affairs
1988	M. G. Ramachandran^{[lower-alpha 2]}^{Template:Hash}	Tamil Nadu	1917–1987	Politics & Public Affairs
1990	B. R. Ambedkar^{Template:Hash}	Madhya Pradesh	1891–1956	Social Reforms & Social Work
1990	Nelson Mandela^{Template:Asterisk}	South Africa	1918–2013	Politics & Public Affairs
1991	Rajiv Gandhi^{Template:Hash}	Uttar Pradesh	1944–1991	Politics & Public Affairs
	Vallabhbhai Patel^{Template:Hash}	Gujarat	1875–1950	Politics & Public Affairs
	Morarji Desai	Gujarat	1896–1995	Politics & Public Affairs
1992	Abul Kalam Azad^{[lower-alpha 3]}^{Template:Hash}	West Bengal	1888–1958	Politics & Public Affairs
	J. R. D. Tata	Maharashtra	1904–1993	Industry
	Satyajit Ray	West Bengal	1922–1992	Arts
1997	Gulzarilal Nanda	Punjab	1898–1998	Politics & Public Affairs
	Aruna Asaf Ali^{Template:Hash}	West Bengal	1909–1996	Politics & Public Affairs
	A. P. J. Abdul Kalam	Tamil Nadu	1931–2015	Aerospace Science
1998	M. S. Subbulakshmi	Tamil Nadu	1916–2004	Arts
1998	C. Subramaniam	Tamil Nadu	1910–2000	Politics & Public Affairs
1999	Jayaprakash Narayan^{Template:Hash}	Bihar	1902–1979	Social Reforms & Social Work
	Amartya Sen	West Bengal	b. 1933	Economics & Administrative Reforms
	Gopinath Bordoloi^{Template:Hash}	Assam	1890–1950	Politics & Public Affairs
	Ravi Shankar	Uttar Pradesh	1920–2012	Arts
2001	Lata Mangeshkar	Maharashtra	1929–2022	Arts
2001	Bismillah Khan	Bihar	1916–2006	Arts
2009	Bhimsen Joshi	Karnataka	1922–2011	Arts
2014	C. N. R. Rao	Karnataka	b. 1934	Science
2014	Sachin Tendulkar	Maharashtra	b. 1973	Sports
2015	Atal Bihari Vajpayee	Madhya Pradesh	1924–2018	Politics & Public Affairs
2015	Madan Mohan Malaviya^{Template:Hash}	Uttar Pradesh	1861–1946	Education, Literature & Philosophy
2019	Pranab Mukherjee	West Bengal	1935–2020	Politics & Public Affairs
	Bhupen Hazarika^{Template:Hash}	Assam	1926–2011	Arts
	Nanaji Deshmukh^{Template:Hash}	Maharashtra	1916–2010	Social Reforms & Social Work
2024	Karpoori Thakur^{Template:Hash}	Bihar	1924–1988	Social Reforms & Social Work
	L. K. Advani	Delhi	b. 1927	Politics & Public Affairs
	P. V. Narasimha Rao^{Template:Hash}	Telangana	1921–2004	Economics & Administrative Reforms
	Charan Singh^{Template:Hash}	Uttar Pradesh	1902–1987	Politics & Public Affairs
	M. S. Swaminathan^{Template:Hash}	Tamil Nadu	1925–2023	Agricultural Science

References

↑ "Atal Behari Vajpayee: India honours former PM with Bharat Ratna". BBC. 24 December 2014. Archived from the original on 14 October 2015. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
↑ "Bharat Ratna Scheme" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs (India). Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 February 2018. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
↑ List of recipients of Bharat Ratna (1954–2019) (PDF) (Report). Ministry of Home Affairs (India). Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 June 2022. Retrieved 13 June 2022.
↑ "The chequered history of our national honours". Rediff.com. 1 February 2010. Archived from the original on 18 May 2014. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
↑ Ramachandran, Sudha (24 January 2008). "India's top award misses congeniality". Asia Times Online. Bangalore. Archived from the original on 16 October 2014. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
↑ "Those who said no to top awards", 20 January 2008.
↑ "List of former Ministers in charge of Education/HRD". Ministry of Human Resource Development. Archived from the original on 18 October 2014. Retrieved 12 May 2014.

Ii bhi dekho

Bahaari jorr

Web Site: https://bharathratna.in Archived 2023-02-23 at the Wayback Machine
भारत रत्न पुरस्कार विजेता व वर्ष Bharat Ratna Winner List Latest 2021 Archived 2022-05-20 at the Wayback Machine

↑ For people born in India, it represents the current Indian state/UT corresponding to the birthplace. For naturalized citizens, it represents the state of domicile. For foreign recipients, it lists the country of citizenship.
↑ In 1960, Ramachandran was awarded the Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian award, but declined as the invitation was written in the Devanagari script and not Tamil.^[4]
↑ Earlier, Abul Kalam Azad had refused the Bharat Ratna while he was the Education Minister of India (1947–58) citing that the selection committee members should not themselves be the recipients.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Cite error: <ref> tags exist for a group named "lower-alpha", but no corresponding <references group="lower-alpha"/> tag was found.

[1] "Atal Behari Vajpayee: India honours former PM with Bharat Ratna". BBC. 24 December 2014. Archived from the original on 14 October 2015. Retrieved 30 October 2015.

[scheme-2] "Bharat Ratna Scheme" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs (India). Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 February 2018. Retrieved 8 May 2014.

[recp54-15-3] List of recipients of Bharat Ratna (1954–2019) (PDF) (Report). Ministry of Home Affairs (India). Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 June 2022. Retrieved 13 June 2022.

[5] "The chequered history of our national honours". Rediff.com. 1 February 2010. Archived from the original on 18 May 2014. Retrieved 17 May 2014.

[aticon-7] Ramachandran, Sudha (24 January 2008). "India's top award misses congeniality". Asia Times Online. Bangalore. Archived from the original on 16 October 2014. Retrieved 14 May 2014.

[8] "Those who said no to top awards", 20 January 2008.

[9] "List of former Ministers in charge of Education/HRD". Ministry of Human Resource Development. Archived from the original on 18 October 2014. Retrieved 12 May 2014.

[4] For people born in India, it represents the current Indian state/UT corresponding to the birthplace. For naturalized citizens, it represents the state of domicile. For foreign recipients, it lists the country of citizenship.

[MGR-6] In 1960, Ramachandran was awarded the Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian award, but declined as the invitation was written in the Devanagari script and not Tamil.^[4]

[Azad-10] Earlier, Abul Kalam Azad had refused the Bharat Ratna while he was the Education Minister of India (1947–58) citing that the selection committee members should not themselves be the recipients.^[5]^[6]^[7]

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