Al-Ghazali
Al-Ghazali | |
|---|---|
غزالی | |
| Upaadhi | Hujjat al-Islam ('Proof of Islam')[1] |
| Niji jaankari | |
| Janam | c. 1058 |
| Maut | 19 December 1111 (aged Expression error: Missing operand for and.) Tus, Seljuk Empire |
| Dharam | Islam |
| Era | Islamic Golden Age |
| Region | Seljuk Empire (Nishapur)[2]Template:Rp Abbasid Caliphate (Baghdad) Fatimid Caliphate (Jerusalem) / (Damascus)[2]Template:Rp |
| Denomination | Sunni[3][4] |
| School | Shafi'i |
| Creed | Ash'ari |
| Main interest(s) | Sufism, theology (kalam), philosophy, logic, Sharia, Islamic jurisprudence, Principles of Islamic jurisprudence |
| Notable work(s) | The Revival of Religious Sciences, The Aims of the Philosophers, The Incoherence of the Philosophers, The Alchemy of Happiness, The Moderation in Belief, The Condensed in Imam Shafi’i’s Jurisprudence, On Legal theory of Muslim Jurisprudence |
| Muslim leader | |
Influenced by
| |
Influenced
| |
Big textAbū Ḥāmid Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Ghazālī (1058-1111) (Farsi:ابو حامد محمد ابن محمد الغزالی), jiske English bhasa me Algazel ke naam se jaada jaana jaawe hae, ke janam Persia me bhais rahaa. Uu ek Islamic theologian, jurist, philosopher, cosmologist, psychologist aur mystic rahaa.,[24][25]
References
[badlo | source ke badlo]- ↑ {{Cite book |last=Janin |first=Hunt |url=https://archive.org/details/pursuitoflearnin0000jani_v6b1 |title=The pursuit of learning in the Islamic world : 610-2003 |date=2005 |publisher=Jefferson, NC : McFarland |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-7864-1954-8}}
- 1 2 Griffel, Frank (2006). Meri, Josef W.. ed. Medieval Islamic civilization: an encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0415966900.
- ↑ Meri, Josef W.; Bacharach, Jere L. (2006). Medieval Islamic Civilization: A-K. Taylor & Francis. p. 293. ISBN 978-0415966917.
- ↑ Böwering, Gerhard; Crone, Patricia (2013). The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought. Princeton University Press. p. 191. ISBN 978-0691134840. "Ghazali (ca. 1058–1111) Abu Hamid Muhammad b. Muhammad al-Ghazali al-Tusi (the "Proof of Islam") is the most renowned Sunni theologian of the Seljuq period (1038–1194)."
- ↑ Smith, Margaret (1936). "The Forerunner of Al-Ghazali". The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland 68 (1): 65–78. doi:10.1017/S0035869X00076358. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25182038.
- ↑ "Imam Ghazali's Teachers: al-Ghazali's Website". www.ghazali.org.
- ↑ "The Influence of Ibn Sina's Philosophical Believes on Al-Ghazali's Notion of Incorporeity". Philosophical Meditations 4 (13). 22 November 2014. https://phm.znu.ac.ir/article_19567.html?lang=en.
- ↑ Griffel 2009, p. 62.
- ↑ Griffel 2009, p. 81.
- ↑ Norman Calder (22 March 2010). Islamic Jurisprudence in the Classical Era. Cambridge University Press. p. 88. ISBN 9781139485715.
- ↑ Griffel 2009, p. 76.
- ↑ Griffel 2009, p. 77.
- ↑ Marenbon, John (2007). Medieval Philosophy: an historical and philosophical introduction. Routledge. p. 174. ISBN 978-0-415-28113-3. http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415281133.
- ↑ Griffel 2009, p. 75.
- ↑ Andrew Rippin, The Blackwell Companion to the Qur'an, p 410. ISBN 1405178442
- ↑ "The Influence of Islamic Thought on Maimonides". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. June 30, 2005.
- ↑ Heinrichs, Karin; Oser, Fritz (12 June 2013). Terence Lovat, Handbook of Moral Motivation: Theories, Models, Applications. Springer. p. 257. ISBN 978-9462092754.
- ↑ "Muslim Philosophy". Islamic Contributions to Science & Math, netmuslims.com. Archived from the original on 2013-10-29.
- ↑ James Robert Brown, Philosophy of Science: The Key Thinkers, p. 159. ISBN 1441142002
- ↑ Sayf Din al-Amidi Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, September 18, 2019
- ↑ Griffel 2009, p. 71.
- ↑ Ayn al-`Ilm wa Zayn al-Hilm, Muqadimmah, Page 1
- ↑ Griffel 2009, p. 74.
- ↑ "Ghazali". The Columbia Encyclopedia. Retrieved 11 September 2009.
- ↑ "ḠAZĀLĪ entry in Encyclopaedia Iranica". Böwering, Gerhard. Archived from the original on 2012-01-22. Retrieved 11 September 2009.