Taiwan

Republic of China
中華民國 (Chinese) (pinyin)
Republic of China 中華民國 (Chinese) (pinyin);
	Flag Emblem
	Anthem: ; 中華民國國歌; Zhōnghuá Mínguó Guógē; "National Anthem of the Republic of China" Flag anthem: ; 中華民國國旗歌; Zhōnghuá Mínguó Guóqígē; "National Flag Anthem of the Republic of China"
Capital	Taipei; 25°04′N 121°31′E / 25.067°N 121.517°E
Largest city	New Taipei City
Official languages	Standard Chinese
Official script	Traditional Chinese
National languages	Mandarin; Hokkien; Hakka; Formosan; Matsu; Wuqiu; Taiwan Sign Language;
Ethnic groups (2016)	95–97% Han; 2.3% indigenous; 0.7–2.7% other;
Religion (2020)	35.1% Buddhism; 33.0% Taoism; 26.7% no religion; 3.9% Christianity; 1.3% other;
Demonym(s)	Taiwanese
Government	Unitary
• President	Lai Ching-te
• Vice President	Hsiao Bi-khim
• Executive President	Cho Jung-tai
• Legislative President	Han Kuo-yu
• Acting Judicial President	Shieh Ming-yan
Legislature	Legislative Yuan
Establishment
• Republic of China ke elaan	1 January 1912
• Taiwan under ROC rule	25 October 1945
• Retreat of ROC to Taiwan	7 December 1949
Population
• January 2025 estimate	23,396,049 (59th)
• 2020 census	23,829,897
• Density	646 /km2 (1,673.1 /sq mi) (17th)
GDP (PPP)	2025 estimate
• Total	▲ $1.966 trillion (20th)
• Per capita	▲ $84,082 (15th)
GDP (nominal)	2025 estimate
• Total	▲ $805 billion (21st)
• Per capita	▲ $34,426 (30th)
Gini (2022)	34.2; medium inequality
HDI (2021)	▲ 0.926; very high (19th)
Currency	New Taiwan dollar (NT$) (TWD)
Time zone	UTC+8 (National Standard Time)
ISO 3166 code	TW
Internet TLD	.tw, .台灣, .台湾

Taiwan, jiske sarkari naam Republic of China (ROC; Chinese: 中華民國; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínguó) hae, East Asia me China ke mainland ke lage ke ek des hae. Republic of China ek dafr puura China ke rule karat rahaa, lekin Chinese civil war ke baad ii island me chal diis.

↑ "Interior minister reaffirms Taipei is ROC's capital", 5 December 2013.
↑ "Chapter 2: People and Language" (in en). The Republic of China Yearbook 2012. Government Information Office. 2012. p. 24. ISBN 978-986-03-4590-2. http://www.ey.gov.tw/en/cp.aspx?n=F4FA171B7E10F12F. Retrieved 18 December 2013.
↑ Government Information Office (2010). "Chapter 2: People and Language" (in en). The Republic of China Yearbook 2010. 中華民國政府出版品. p. 42. ISBN 978-986-02-5278-1. http://www.gio.gov.tw/taiwan-website/5-gp/yearbook/02People&Language.pdf.
↑ Liao, Silvie (2008). "A Perceptual Dialect Study of Taiwan Mandarin: Language Attitudes in the Era of Political Battle". In Chan, Marjorie K. M. (in en). Proceedings of the 20th North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics (NACCL-20). 1. The Ohio State University. p. 393. ISBN 978-0-9824715-0-0. http://naccl.osu.edu/files/21_liao-s.pdf.
↑ "行政院第3251次院會決議". ey.gov.tw (in Chinese). December 2011. Archived from the original on 25 May 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
↑ "Hakka Basic Act". law.moj.gov.tw. Archived from the original on 13 February 2019. Retrieved 22 May 2019.
↑ "Indigenous Languages Development Act". law.moj.gov.tw. Archived from the original on 13 February 2019. Retrieved 22 May 2019.
↑ The Republic of China Yearbook 2016. Executive Yuan, R.O.C.. 2016. p. 10. ISBN 978-986-04-9949-0. https://issuu.com/eyroc/docs/the_republic_of_china_yearbook_2016. Retrieved 31 May 2020. "Ethnicity: 70 percent Hoklo; 15 percent Hakka 10–15 percent mainlanders; 2 percent indigenous Austronesian peoples" Archived 6 August 2020 at the Wayback Machine
↑ "Religious Composition by Country, 2010–2050". Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project. 2 April 2015. Archived from the original on 21 December 2019.
↑ Kucera, Ondrej (1 July 2006). "Is Taiwan a Presidential System?" (in fr). China Perspectives 2006 (4). doi:10.4000/chinaperspectives.1036. ISSN 1996-4617.
↑ "Taiwan - Chiang Kai-shek's Government, Democratization, and Constitutional Reforms". Britannica. Archived from the original on 19 June 2023. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
↑ "Household registration statistics data analysis in Jan 2025". Dept. of Household Registration, Ministry of the Interior. 10 February 2025. Retrieved 2 April 2025.
↑ "2020 Statistical Tables". National Statistics, ROC (Taiwan). 17 May 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2025.
↑ ^14.0 ^14.1 ^14.2 ^14.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2025 Edition (Taiwan)". International Monetary Fund. 16 April 2025. Retrieved 31 May 2025.
↑ "Table 4. Percentage Share of Disposable Income by Quintile Group of Households and Income Inequality Indices". Statistical Bureau. Retrieved 8 September 2024.
↑ "國情統計通報（第 195 號）" (PDF). Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, Taiwan (ROC). 14 October 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 February 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
↑ "ICANN Board Meeting Minutes". ICANN. 25 June 2010. Archived from the original on 7 July 2010. Retrieved 25 June 2010.
↑ "TAIWAN SNAPSHOT". Archived from the original on 15 March 2020. Retrieved 15 March 2020.

[capital-1] "Interior minister reaffirms Taipei is ROC's capital", 5 December 2013.

[2] "Chapter 2: People and Language" (in en). The Republic of China Yearbook 2012. Government Information Office. 2012. p. 24. ISBN 978-986-03-4590-2. http://www.ey.gov.tw/en/cp.aspx?n=F4FA171B7E10F12F. Retrieved 18 December 2013.

[3] Government Information Office (2010). "Chapter 2: People and Language" (in en). The Republic of China Yearbook 2010. 中華民國政府出版品. p. 42. ISBN 978-986-02-5278-1. http://www.gio.gov.tw/taiwan-website/5-gp/yearbook/02People&Language.pdf.

[4] Liao, Silvie (2008). "A Perceptual Dialect Study of Taiwan Mandarin: Language Attitudes in the Era of Political Battle". In Chan, Marjorie K. M. (in en). Proceedings of the 20th North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics (NACCL-20). 1. The Ohio State University. p. 393. ISBN 978-0-9824715-0-0. http://naccl.osu.edu/files/21_liao-s.pdf.

[5] "行政院第3251次院會決議". ey.gov.tw (in Chinese). December 2011. Archived from the original on 25 May 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2021.

[6] "Hakka Basic Act". law.moj.gov.tw. Archived from the original on 13 February 2019. Retrieved 22 May 2019.

[7] "Indigenous Languages Development Act". law.moj.gov.tw. Archived from the original on 13 February 2019. Retrieved 22 May 2019.

[8] The Republic of China Yearbook 2016. Executive Yuan, R.O.C.. 2016. p. 10. ISBN 978-986-04-9949-0. https://issuu.com/eyroc/docs/the_republic_of_china_yearbook_2016. Retrieved 31 May 2020. "Ethnicity: 70 percent Hoklo; 15 percent Hakka 10–15 percent mainlanders; 2 percent indigenous Austronesian peoples" Archived 6 August 2020 at the Wayback Machine

[Pew_religion_stats-9] "Religious Composition by Country, 2010–2050". Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project. 2 April 2015. Archived from the original on 21 December 2019.

[10] Kucera, Ondrej (1 July 2006). "Is Taiwan a Presidential System?" (in fr). China Perspectives 2006 (4). doi:10.4000/chinaperspectives.1036. ISSN 1996-4617.

[11] "Taiwan - Chiang Kai-shek's Government, Democratization, and Constitutional Reforms". Britannica. Archived from the original on 19 June 2023. Retrieved 19 June 2023.

[12] "Household registration statistics data analysis in Jan 2025". Dept. of Household Registration, Ministry of the Interior. 10 February 2025. Retrieved 2 April 2025.

[13] "2020 Statistical Tables". National Statistics, ROC (Taiwan). 17 May 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2025.

[IMFWEO.TW-14] 14.0 ^14.1 ^14.2 ^14.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2025 Edition (Taiwan)". International Monetary Fund. 16 April 2025. Retrieved 31 May 2025.

[15] "Table 4. Percentage Share of Disposable Income by Quintile Group of Households and Income Inequality Indices". Statistical Bureau. Retrieved 8 September 2024.

[HDI_2021-16] "國情統計通報（第 195 號）" (PDF). Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, Taiwan (ROC). 14 October 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 February 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2023.

[17] "ICANN Board Meeting Minutes". ICANN. 25 June 2010. Archived from the original on 7 July 2010. Retrieved 25 June 2010.

[taiwansnapshot-18] "TAIWAN SNAPSHOT". Archived from the original on 15 March 2020. Retrieved 15 March 2020.

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