Rajnetic dal

Ek Rajnetic dal (political party) ek organized group of voters hae. Ii logan election me aapam bagal se log ke kharraa kare hae. Rajnetic dal ke member log ke jaada kar ke ek rakam ke bichaar rahe hae.

Lagbhag sab des me raaj kare waala log koi rajnetic dal ke member rahe hae. Jab ki kuchh des me rajnetic dal nai rahae hae, ii bahut kamtii hae. Jaada des me dher rajnetic dal rahe hae aur kuchh des me khaali ek rajnetic dal rahe hae. Rajnetic dal duuno tanasahi (autocracies) aur udaarwaad (democracies) me rahe hae, lekin udaarwaad me tanasahi se dher rajnetic dal rahe hae. Tanasahi sarkar me jaada kar ke ek rajnetic dal rahe hae jon des pe raj kare hae, lekin rajnetic vigyanil log ii biswas kare hae ki udaarwaad ke khaatir dher rajnetic dal ke rahna jaruri hae.

Rajnetic dal, samaj me rahe waala vibhajan se bane sake hae, jaise dhani log ke dal aur garib log ke dal, nai to majuur ke dal aur business ke dal. Rajnetic dal me ek neta rahe hae, jiske dal ke kaam ke khaas jimedaari rahe hae, dal ke executives jon dal ke chalae aur organise kare ke neta ke madat kare hae aur kabhi-kabhi neta ke chube hae, aur members jon bina talab ke dal ke madat kare hae, dal ke paisa daan kare hae, nai to chanda (donation) batore me madat kare hae, aur chunao me dal ke member ke vote kare hae.

Dher rajnetic dal vichaardhaara (ideology) se prerit (motivated) hae. Dher democratic des me chunao ke time, liberal, conservative aur socialist dal rahe hae. Aur khaas vichaardhaara hae, communism, populism, nationalism air Islamism. Alag-alag des ke rajnetic dal ekke rakam ke rang aur chinh ke kaam e laae hae, jaise communist party le laal rang.

Itihaas

Rajnetic dal ke bichaar puraana jamaana se hae. Plato, puraana Athens ke rajnetic gut (factions) ke baare me likhis hae^[1] aur Aristotle ii bahas karis hae ki rajniti me alag-alag rakam ke sarkar me alag-alag rakam ke gut rahe hae.^[2] Kuchh puraana vivaad gut ke uppar aadhaarit rahaa, jaise Constatinople me ek riot dui chiot racing gut ke biich me. Kuch likha gais dal jon itihaas me rahaa me hae; "Populare" aur "Optimates", Roman republic me, O|"Orangists" aur "Stattsgezinde", Holland me. Abhi ke jamaa ke rajnetik dal ke suruwaat United Kingdom ke Conservative Party aur America ke Democratic Party se suruu bhais rahaa. ^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

Barraa-barra rajnetic dal ke bane se pahile , elections me kamti competition rahaa aur iske jaada kar ke pahile se rahe waala clique aur network dominate karat rahis. ^[7]Template:Rp

18th century

In *A Block for the Wigs* (1783), James Gillray caricatured Fox's return to power in a coalition with North. George III is the blockhead in the centre.

↑ Plato (1935). The Republic. Macmillan and Co, Ltd.. p. 462.
↑ Aristotle (1984). The Politics. The University of Chicago Press. p. 135.
↑ Metcalf, Michael F. (1977). "The first "modern" party system? Political parties, Sweden's Age of liberty and the historians". Scandinavian Journal of History 2 (1–4): 265–287. doi:10.1080/03468757708578923.
↑ Chhibber, Pradeep K.; Kollman, Ken (2004). The formation of national party systems: Federalism and party competition in Canada, Great Britain, India, and the United States. Princeton University Press.
↑ Dirr, Alison. "Is the Democratic Party the oldest continuous political party in the world?", Politifact Wisconsin, 24 October 2016.
↑ Stanek, Wojciech (1996). Konfederacje a ewolucja mechanizmów walki politycznej w Rzeczypospolitej XVIII wieku. Olsztyn: Interpress. pp. 135–136.
↑ Carles Boix (2009). "The Emergence of Parties and Party Systems". The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics. Oxford University Press. pp. 499–521. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199566020.003.0021. ISBN 978-0199566020.

[1] Plato (1935). The Republic. Macmillan and Co, Ltd.. p. 462.

[2] Aristotle (1984). The Politics. The University of Chicago Press. p. 135.

[Metcalf97-3] Metcalf, Michael F. (1977). "The first "modern" party system? Political parties, Sweden's Age of liberty and the historians". Scandinavian Journal of History 2 (1–4): 265–287. doi:10.1080/03468757708578923.

[Chhibber04-4] Chhibber, Pradeep K.; Kollman, Ken (2004). The formation of national party systems: Federalism and party competition in Canada, Great Britain, India, and the United States. Princeton University Press.

[5] Dirr, Alison. "Is the Democratic Party the oldest continuous political party in the world?", Politifact Wisconsin, 24 October 2016.

[6] Stanek, Wojciech (1996). Konfederacje a ewolucja mechanizmów walki politycznej w Rzeczypospolitej XVIII wieku. Olsztyn: Interpress. pp. 135–136.

[boix09-7] Carles Boix (2009). "The Emergence of Parties and Party Systems". The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics. Oxford University Press. pp. 499–521. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199566020.003.0021. ISBN 978-0199566020.

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