Makrraa
| Makrraa | |
|---|---|
| |
| Makrraa ke tiin khaas group | |
Jangli
| |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Aranae |
Makrraa (order Araneae) ek rakam ke aath gorr waala, aur saans le waala (air breathing) arthropod hae, jiske lage khaang (fang) rahe hae jisse ii jahar ke inject kare hae.[1] Ii jaala (web) bhi banae hae. Arachnids me makrraa sab se jaada hae aur sab jiu me se 7th rank me hae.[2]
Makrraa ke, Antartica ke chhorr ke, dunia ke sab continent me paawa jaae hae. November 2023 me taxonomist log 51,673 makrraa ke species, 136 family me record kare rahin.[3] Lekin jiu vigyanik my bahae hoe hae ki makrraa ke palwaar ke kaise classify karaa jaae, aur 1900 se lagbhag 20 different classification ke propose karaa gais hae.[4]
Anatomically, makrraa (duusra arachnids ke rakam), aur arthopods se different hae kaaheki usual dehin ke segments dui tagmata me fused rahe hae, cephalothorax nai to prosoma, aur opisthosoma, nai to peet, ek chhotaa cylindrical pedicel se jurraa rahe hae. Lekin abhi koi paleontological nai to embryological sabuut nai hae ki makrraa ke kabhi alag thorax-like division rahaa. Yahii rakam se term "abdomen" ke virod me bhi argument hae, kaaheki makrraa ke opisthosoma me dil aur fefrraa rahe hae.[5]
Aur sab kirwaa se alag, makrraa ke lage antennae nai rahe hae. Sab se primitive group ke chhorr ke aur sab rakam makrraa me aur sab arthopods ke milaan me sab se centralized nervous system rahe hae, kaaheki uske sab ganglia ek mass me fused rahe hae, cephalothorax me. Duusra arthropod ke rakam, makrraa ke koi extensor muscles uske limbs me nai rahe hae, aur iske jaghaa aapan gorr ke hydraulic pressure se extend kare hae.
Makrraa ke peet me appendages rahe hae, jiske spinnerets me modify bhais hae jon silk ke chhe rakam ke glands me se nikaale hae. Makrraa ke jaala dher rakam ke rahe hae, aur dher different amount aur shape me sticky thread ke kaam me laawa jaawe hae. Ii abhi samjhaa jaae hae ki spiral orb web sab se puraana hoi, aur makrraa jon tangled cobwebs banae hae orb-weaver spider se aur jaada hae. Makrraa ke rakam arachnid jiske silk-producing spigot hae (Uraraneida) Devonian period me evolve bhais rahaa, lagbhag Template:Ma me, lekin ii jaanwar me spinnerets nai rahaa. Aslii makrraa ke Carboniferous rocks me Template:Ma se paawa gais hae aur ii sab se puraana jindaa suborder hae. Makrraa ke main group, Mygalomorphae aur Araneomorphae, sab se pahile Triassic period me, Template:Ma se jaada saal pahile aae rahin.
Chhaapa ke gallery
[badlo | source ke badlo]-
A scorpion (Sc. Maurus Palmatus) -
Galeodes, ek camel spider -
Ek whip scorpion -
Ek Pseudoscorpion, chhaapa gais panna pe -
Ek harvestman (Rilaena triangularis) -
Ek whip spider (Damon diadema) -
Ek tick (deer tick) -
fuul, velvet mites ke saathe
.jpg)
References
[badlo | source ke badlo]- ↑ Cushing, P.E. (2008). "Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae)". In Capinera, J.L. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Entomology. Springer. p. 3496. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_4320. ISBN 978-1-4020-6242-1.
- ↑ Spiders of India. Universities Press/Orient Blackswan. 2009. ISBN 978-81-7371-641-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=9oVHO-3ZGx4C.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedWSC_stats - ↑ Foelix, Rainer F. (1996). Biology of Spiders. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 3. ISBN 978-0-19-509593-7. https://archive.org/details/biologyofspiders00foel_0.
- ↑ Shultz, Stanley; Shultz, Marguerite (2009). The Tarantula Keeper's Guide. Hauppauge, New York: Barron's. p. 23. ISBN 978-0-7641-3885-0.