Li Bai
| Li Bai | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Kaam | Poet |
| Nationality | Chinese |
| Writing period | Tang dynasty |
Li Bai nai to Li Po (李白 Lǐ Bái / Lǐ Bó) (701-762) ek Chinese kavi rahaa.
Bai uu Chinese scholars me se ek rahaa jiske "Eight Immortals of the Wine Cup" ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa. Abhi uske 1,100 se jaada poem jaana jaawe hae.
Iske Western language me pahila translation 1862 me Marquis d'Hervey de Saint-Denys aapan Poésies de l'Époque des Thang me publish karis rahaa.[1] English bhasa waala des me Li Bai ke kaam ke Herbert Allen Gilesaapan publication History of Chinese Literature (1901)me chaapis rahaa.
Biography
[badlo | source ke badlo]| Names | |
|---|---|
| Chinese: | 李白 |
| Pinyin: | Lǐ Bái or Lǐ Bó |
| Wade-Giles: | Li Po or Li Pai |
| Cantonese: | Léih Baahk |
| Japanese Rōmaji: | Rihaku |
| Korean: | 이백 or 이태백 |
| [[Chinese style name|Zì 字]]: | Tàibái 太白 |
| [[Chinese style name|Hào 號]]: | Qīnglián Jūshì 青蓮居士 |
| aka: | Shīxiān, 詩仙 Poet Immortal |
| Vietnamese: | Lý Bạch |
Life
[badlo | source ke badlo]
Dui "Books of Tang", The Old Book of Tang aur The New Book of Tang, me se Li Bai ke baare me khaas jaankaari mile hae.[2] Duusra jagha jahaan se li bai ke baare me jaankari mile hae, kavita hae aur Li Yangbin se kavita ke sangrah ke preface se.
Background aur janam
[badlo | source ke badlo]Dher jan ii maane hae ki Li Bai ke janam 701 me, Suyab , puraana Chinese Central Asia (abhi ke Kyrgyzstan) me bhais rahaa,[3] jahaan uske palwaar frintier business me dhani bhais rahaa. [4] Baad me, uske palwaar, pitaji , Li Ke (Template:Zh-no-labels) ke leadershuip ke niche , Jiangyou move hoe gain, abhi ke Chengdu ke nagiich, Sichuan me, jab Li Bai paanch saal ke rahaa. Ii nai jaana jaawe hae ki ii palwaar kaise ek jagha se duusra jagha jaawe sakaa, kaaheki ki iske khaatir sarkari anumati ke jaruri rahaa khaas kar ke agar palwaar ke huan pe exile karaa gais rahaa hoi.
Background
[badlo | source ke badlo]Uske jamaana ke Li Yangbing (ek palwaar ke jan) ke bataawa gais aur Fan Chuanzheng ii batae hae ki Li ke palwaar suruu me abhi ke southwestern Jingning County, Gansu ke rahin. Li ke ancestry ke pichhe Li Gao talak trace karaa gais hae, jon Western Liang ke suruu kare waala rahaa.[5] Ii Li ke aapan claim ke samarthan kare hae ki Li ek dynastic royal family, Tang dynasty ke rahaa: Tang samraat ii claim kare rahin ki unke purwaj Li rulers, West Liang ke rahin. Ii palwaar ke Longxi maana jaawe hae. Ii sabuut hae ki Sui dynasty ke time, Li ke purwaj, uu time , koi kaaran se, ke samaj me commoners maana jaawat rahaa, aur uu logan ke ek rakam ke exile me force karaa gais rahaa aapan original ghar se (jon abhi Gansu me hae) koi jagha des ke west me.[6] West me ii exile ke time, Li palwaar puraana Silk Road ke city Suiye (Suyab me rahat rahin, jon abhi ke Kyrgyzstan me ek archeological site hae), aur saait Tiaozhi me bhi, ek desabhi ke Ghazni, Afghanistan ke lage.[7] Ii sab jagha puraana Silk Road me rahaa, aur Li palwaar were likely merchants rahin.[8] Uulog ke business ke achchhaa aamdani rahaa.[9]
Bachpan ke din
[badlo | source ke badlo]705 me, jab Li Bai chaar saal ke rahaa, uske pitaji chuppe se aapan palwaar ke Sichuan, Chengdu ke lage move kar diis rahaa, jahaan pe uu aapan bachpan bitais rahaa.[10] Abhi, ek monument hae jon iske Zhongba Town, Jiangyou, Sichuan province (the area of the modern province known then as Shu, after a former independent state which had been annexed by the Sui dynasty and later incorporated into the Tang dynasty lands) me commemorate kare hae. Chhotaa Li aapan jaada brraa hote waala saal ke Qinglian (Template:Zh-no-labels) me bitais rahaa, ek town jon Changming County, Sichuan, China me hae.[4] Ii abhi nominally Qinglian Town (Template:Zh-no-labels) of Jiangyou County-level city, in Sichuan se correspond hoe hae.
Chhotaa Li dher parrhis rahaa, jisme Confucian classics jaise The Classic of Poetry (Shijing) aur Classic of History (Shujing), aur iske saathe dher astrological aur metaphysical materials jiske Confucians parrhat rahin, lekin uu literacy exam nai kare maangat rahaa.[10] "Hundred Authors" ke parrna palwaar ke literary tradition rahaa, aur uu das hoe se pahile kavita likhat rahaa.[4] Chhotaa Li also duusra activities me bhi rahaa, jaise jangli chirryaa ke paaltu banaana aur fencing.[10] Uske aur activity me rahaa ghorraa pe sawaari karnaa, sikaar khelnaa, ghumnaa, aur garib aur dbaawal log ke paisa aur hatiyaar se madat karnaa.[4] Aakhri me, chhotaa Li swordsmanship me kaafi hosiyaar hoe gais; aur jaise ii autobiographical quote jon Li apne se bolis hae dekhae hae ki uu ek wild life Sichuan me aapan bachpan me rahat rahaa:
"Jab ham pandrah saal ke rahaa, han talwaar se khelnaa pasand kartaa rahaa, aur ii art se ham kuchh barraa jan ke challenge karaa rahaa."[11]
Uske biis saal ke umar se pahile, Li larr ke dher adnii ke maar diis rahaa , chivalry ke kaaran, knight-errant tradition (youxia) ke anusaar.[10]
720 me, Governor Su Ting, jon uske ek genius maanat rahaa, uske interview karis rahaa. Jab ki uu ek official bane maangat rahaa, uu civil service examination ke kabhi nai liis rahaa.
References
[badlo | source ke badlo]- ↑ D'Hervey de Saint-Denys (1862). Poésies de l'Époque des Thang (Amyot, Paris). See Minford, John and Lau, Joseph S. M. (2000)). Classic Chinese Literature (Columbia University Press) ISBN 978-0-231-09676-8.
- ↑ Obata, Part III
- ↑ Beckwith, 127
- 1 2 3 4 Sun, 20
- ↑ Obata, 8
- ↑ Wu, 57–58
- ↑ Eide, Elling (1973). "On Li Po". Perspectives on the T'ang. New Haven, London: Yale University Press. p. 388.
- ↑ Eide (1973), 389.
- ↑ Sun, 1982, 20 and 21
- 1 2 3 4 Wu, 58
- ↑ Wu, 58. Translation by Wu. Note that by East Asian age reckoning, this would be fourteen rather than fifteen years old.
Bibliography
[badlo | source ke badlo]- Cooper, Arthur (1973). Li Po and Tu Fu: Poems Selected and Translated with an Introduction and Notes (Penguin Classics, 1973). ISBN 978-0-14-044272-4 .
- Hinton, David (1998). The Selected Poems of Li Po (Anvil Press Poetry, 1998). ISBN 978-0-85646-291-7 .
- Waley, Arthur (1950). The poetry and career of Li Po (MacMillan Co., New York, 1950). ASIN B0006ASTS4.
- Weinberger, Eliot. The New Directions Anthology of Classical Chinese Poetry. (New York: New Directions Publishing Corporation, 2004). ISBN 0-8112-1605-5. Introduction, with translations by William Carlos Williams, Ezra Pound, Kenneth Rexroth, Gary Snyder, and David Hinton.
Duusra websites
[badlo | source ke badlo]- www.chinese-poems.com 20 Li Bai poems, in Chinese using simplified and traditional characters and pinyin, with literal and literary English translations by Mark Alexander Archived 2007-08-20 at the Wayback Machine.
- etext.lib.virginia.eduTemplate:Fix/category[dead link] 34 Li Bai poems, in Chinese with English translation by Witter Bynner, from the Three Hundred Tang Poems anthology.
- www.cscs.umich.edu
- afpc.asso.fr Archived 2009-06-15 at the Wayback Machine
- Complete text of Cathay Archived 2012-02-18 at the Wayback Machine, the Ezra Pound/Ernest Fenollosa translations of poems principally by Li Po (J., Rihaku) together with public domain recordings (MP3) of the same.
- "Li Bai drinking alone (with the moon, his shadow, & 32 translators)" is a comprehensive collection of translations of this poem by an anonymous blogger. Retrieved April 15, 2007.
- 27 Recordings of "Drinking Alone by Moonlight," from the LibriVox website. Retrieved July 1, 2007.
- Spanish Translations of the Poetry of Li Bai (Li Po) by Raúl Racedo, Argentina.
- Das Lied von der Erde: The Literary Changes Archived 2007-12-27 at the Wayback Machine – synopsis of original Chinese poems, Bethge's translations and Mahler's changes
- New English translations of Li Po with traditional characters in Zone Magazine.