Jorge Luis Borges

Jorge Luis Borges
Jorge Luis Borges
	;
Janam	Jorge Francisco Isidoro Luis Borges Acevedo; 24 August 1899; Buenos Aires, Argentina
Maut	14 June 1986 (aged 86); Geneva, Switzerland
Kaam	writer, poet, critic, librarian

Jorge Luis Borges ( audio) (24 August 1899 – 14 June 1986) ek Argentine writer rahaa. Uske English bhasa waala des me jaada kar ke uske chhota kahani aur fictive essays khatir jaana jaawe hae. Borges ek kavi, critic, translator aur man of wisdom bhi rahaa.

Jindagi aur kaam

Bachpan ke din aur parrhai

Jorge Francisco Isidoro Luis Borges ke janam ek parrha-likha middle-class palwaar me, 24 August 1899 me bhais rahaa.^[1] Uu log Palermo, uu time ke Buenos Aires ke ek garib ilaaka me rahat rahin. Borges ke maiyaa, Leonor Acevedo Suárez, ek anuwaadak ke kaam karat rahii aur ek criollo (Spanish) origin palwaar se aawe rahii. Uske palwaar HeSouth America ke European settling aur Argentine War of Independence me rahhaa, aur uu ii heroic actions ke baare me baat karat rahii.^[2]

Uske 1929 ke book Cuaderno San Martín me kavita "Isidoro Acevedo" hae, jon uske aaja, Isidoro de Acevedo Laprida ke commemorate kare hae, Buenos Aires Army ke ek sipaahi. Uu Argentine lawyer aur politician Francisco Narciso de Laprida ke descendent rahaa, Acevedo Laprida battles of Cepeda 1859 me, Pavón 1861 me, aur Los Corrales 1880 me larris rahaa. Acevedo Laprida pulmonary congestion se maris rahaa uu ghar me jahaan pe uske potaa Jorge Luis Borges ke janam bhais rahaa. Antonio Andrade ke adhyan ke anusaar, Jorge Luis Borges ke Portuguese ancestry rahaa: Borges ke pas aajaa, Francisco, ke paidais Portugal me 1770 me bhais rahaa, aur uu Torre de Moncorvo me rahis rahaa, jon des ke north me hae, Argentina hoe se pahile, jahaan pe uu Carmen Lafinur se saadi karis rahaa.

Borges ke pitaji, Jorge Guillermo Borges Haslam, ek wakiil rahaa jon novel El caudillo ke 1921 me likhis rahaa. Borges Haslam ke janam Entre Ríos me Spanish, Portuguese, aur English descent ke, Francisco Borges Lafinur, ek colonel, aur Frances Ann Haslam, ek Englishwoman ke larrka. Borges Haslam barraa bhais rahaa English bhasa me gar me baat karat rahaa. Ii palwaar dher dafe Europe] ghume gais rahaa. Borges Haslam Leonor Acevedo Suárez se saadi 1898 me karis rahaa aur uu log ke larrkan me rahin chitrkaar Norah Borges, Jorge Luis Borges ke bahini.^[2]

Das saal ke umar me, Jorge Luis Borge Oscar Wilde ke The Happy Prince ke Spanish bhasa me translate karis rahaa. Iske ek local journal me chhaapa gais rahaa, lekin Borges ke dost ii sochat rahin ki likhe waala aslii me uske pitaji rahaa.^[3] Borges Haslam ek wakiil aur psychology teacher rahaa jon el lekhak bane maangat rahaa. Borges bolis ki uske pitaji "lekhak bane ke kosis karis rahaa lekin asafal rahaa", 1921 opus El caudillo ke baawajuut. Jorge Luis Borges likhis rahaa, "Kaaheki jaada log pahile sipahi rahin aur ham jantaa rahaa ki ham nai bane paawegaa, ham ke saram lagat rahaa suruu me, ki haam book waala jan rahaa aur man of action nai."^[2]

Jorge Luis Borges ke ghare parrhaawa gais rahaa, 11 saal ke umar talak aur uu duuno Spanish aur English bhasa me baat karat rahaa, aur Shakespeare ke English me parrhis rahaa jab uu 12 saal ke rahaa.^[2] Uske palwaar ek barraa ghar me rahat rahaa jisme ek hajaae book ke ek English library rahaa; Borges baad me bolis rahaa "agar koi puchhe ki hamaar jindagi me khaas event kon chij rahaa, tab ham bolegaa ki hamaar pitaji ke library."^[4]

Uske pitaji aankhi kharaab hoe ke kaaran wakiili ke chhorr diis rahaa. ii bemaari se uske larrka bhi affected rahaa. 1914 me, uske palwaar Geneva, Switzerland me jaae ke rahe lagin, aur aglaa dassak ke Europe me bitais rahaa.^[2] Geneva me, Borges Haslam ke ek eye specialist ilaaj karis rahaa, jab uske larrka aur larrki school parrhat rahin. Jorge Luis French bhasa sikhis, Thomas Carlyle ke English bhasa me parrhis, aur philosophy ke German bhasa me parrhe ke suruu karis rahaa. 1917 me, jab uu 18 saal ke rahaa, uu lekhak Maurice Abramowicz ke milis aur ek literary dosti suruu bhais jon uske jindagi bhar chalaa rahaa .^[2] Uske baccalauréat Collège de Genève se 1918 me mila rahaa.^[5]^{[Note 1]} Borges palwaar nirnay karis, political unrest Argentina me ke kaaran, uulog Switzerland me larrai bhar rahin. World War I ke baad, palwaar tiin saal talak dher cities me rahaa : Lugano, Barcelona, Mallorca, Seville, aur Madrid.^[2] Uu log Europe me 1921 talak rahin.

Duusra websites

Borges Center, University of Iowa: important internet resources including bibliographies, chronologies, full text articles and books, and information on the journal Variaciones Borges
BBC Radio 4: In Our Time Archive page for edition about Borges in a series on the 'History of Ideas'. Includes link to streaming audio.
The Modern Word: The Garden of Forking Paths Archived 2014-02-26 at the Wayback Machine. A comprehensive Web site dedicated to exploring Borges and his work, including pages that discuss writers that Borges influenced.
Internetaleph. Fully bilingual (English/Spanish) portal dedicated to Jorge Luis Borges. Links, recent news, reading suggestions and an introduction for beginners.
The Borgesian Cyclopaedia Archived 2007-01-11 at the Wayback Machine. "Being a Virtual Reference to the World of Jorge Luis Borges".
Hallucinating Spaces, or the Aleph Archived 2006-07-14 at the Wayback Machine An essay from Borgesland by Susana Medina
The Friends of Jorge Luis Borges Worldwide Society & Associates Archived 2006-02-14 at the Wayback Machine A non-Governmental and not for profit organization with four distinctive entities that aim to promote artistic and intellectual talents along with civic virtues in new generations of mankind. Borges' works ("a writer of writers" for his extensive and insightful readings) are celebrated as a thread of Ariadne to walk the labyrinths of Philosophy and Literature and all fields of knowledge in quest of wisdom.
Fundación San Telmo's Jorge Luis Borges Collection Archived 2007-08-19 at the Wayback Machine
The Norton Lectures, delivered at Harvard University in the fall of 1967, by Jorge Luis Borges Archived 2009-05-05 at the Wayback Machine
Borges' Bad Politics Slate.com presents an essay by Clive James arguing that Borges could have done more to engage with Argentina's political situation
"El Tango" Archived 2010-03-24 at the Wayback Machine on audio MP3 (in Spanish)
Rend(er)ing L.C.: Susan Daitch Meets Borges & Borges, Delacroix, Marx, Derrida, Daumier, and Other Textualized Bodies Archived 2007-04-02 at the Wayback Machine William A. Nericcio (1993); pdf full-text Archived 2009-09-10 at the Wayback Machine
Poem of Jorge Luis Borges in Buenos Aires, Argentina, 'Fundación mítica de Buenos Aires'

↑ Bell-Villada, Gene (1999). Borges and His Fiction. United States of America: University of Texas Press. pp. 14. ISBN 0-292-70877-7. https://archive.org/details/borgeshisfiction00bell/page/14.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "LRB".
↑ Harold Bloom (2004) Jorge Luis Borges, Infobase Publishing. ISBN 978-950-07-1121-0
↑ Borges, Jorge Luis, "Autobiographical Notes", The New Yorker, 19 September 1970.
↑ Gene H. Bell-Villada, Borges and His Fiction: A Guide to His Mind and Art, University of Texas Press (1999), p. 16; ISBN 978-0-292-70878-5

↑ Edwin Williamson suggests in Borges (Viking, 2004) that Borges did not finish his baccalauréat (pp. 79–80): "he cannot have been too bothered about his baccalauréat, not least because he loathed and feared examination. (He was never to finish his high school education, in fact)."

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[1] Bell-Villada, Gene (1999). Borges and His Fiction. United States of America: University of Texas Press. pp. 14. ISBN 0-292-70877-7. https://archive.org/details/borgeshisfiction00bell/page/14.

[LRB-2] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "LRB".

[Bloom-3] Harold Bloom (2004) Jorge Luis Borges, Infobase Publishing. ISBN 978-950-07-1121-0

[4] Borges, Jorge Luis, "Autobiographical Notes", The New Yorker, 19 September 1970.

[5] Gene H. Bell-Villada, Borges and His Fiction: A Guide to His Mind and Art, University of Texas Press (1999), p. 16; ISBN 978-0-292-70878-5

[f-6] Edwin Williamson suggests in Borges (Viking, 2004) that Borges did not finish his baccalauréat (pp. 79–80): "he cannot have been too bothered about his baccalauréat, not least because he loathed and feared examination. (He was never to finish his high school education, in fact)."

[1]

[2]

[3]

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[Note 1]