Geoffrey Chaucer
Geoffrey Chaucer | |||||||||||||
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.jpeg) 1412 portrait | |||||||||||||
| Janam | Template:C. London, England | ||||||||||||
| Maut | 25 October 1400 London, England | ||||||||||||
| Resting place | Westminster Abbey | ||||||||||||
| Anya Naam |
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| Jamaana | Plantagenet | ||||||||||||
| Jivan Saathi | Philippa Roet (m. 1366; d. 1387) | ||||||||||||
| Larrkan | 4, including Thomas | ||||||||||||
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Geoffrey Chaucer (c. 1343 – 25 October 1400) ek English writer, poet, aur philosopher rahaa. Uu ek famour book, Canterbury Tales, likhis rahaa.
Chaucer, London me paida bhaes rahaa. Uske pitaji aur aaja London me wine bechat rahaa. French bhasa me uske naam ke matlab "shoemaker" hae. Chaucer ek noblewoman ke page banaa. 1360 me , Hundred Years War ke time uske French log prisoner banae liis rahaa lekin ek ransom de ke baad uske chhorr dewa gais rahaa.
Chaucer ke saadi Phillipa (de) Roet se bhaes rahaa, jon ki rani ke lady-in-waiting
Jindagi
[badlo | source ke badlo]Suruu
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Geoffrey Chaucer ke janam London me bhais rahaa, most likely in the early 1340s me (kuchh log aur uske monument ii batawe hae ki uu 1343 me paida bhais rahaa), lekin iske aslii jagha aur tarik ke baare me sure nai hae. Uske par-aaja, His great-grandfather Andrew de Chaucer ek tavern keeper rahaa, uske aaja, Robert Malyn le Chaucer purveyor of wines ke kaam karat rahaa, aur uske pitaji, John Chaucer, ek khaas wine merchant ban gais rahaa aur raja log ke bejat rahaa.[1] Geoffrey Chaucer ke puraana jamaana ke plwaar wine ke business me rahin. [2][3] and merchants in Ipswich.[4][5] Uske surname, French chaucier se aais hae, jiske matlab pahile socha jaawat rahaa ki 'shoemaker' rahaa, lekin abhi jaannaa jaawe hae ki chausses (leggings) banaawe waala hae.[6]
1324 me uske aage ke pitaji, John Chaucer, ke au aunty apharan kar liis rahaa aapn 12 saal ke larrki se saadi karwae ke khaatir, jisse Ipswich palwaar ke property palwaare me rahe. [7] Ii aunty ke jahel kar dewa gais rahaa aur £250 fine dewa gais rahaa, jisse ii jaana jaawe hae ki uske palwaar dhani rahaa. [8]
John Chaucer, Agnes Copton ke saathe saadi karis rahaa, jon 1349 me property inherit karis rahaa, jisme London me 24 dukaan rahaa, uske uncle Hamo de Copton se, jiske ek will will dated 3 April 1354 me describe karaa gais hae aur jiske City Hustings Roll 'moneyer' ke naam se listed hae, jiske matab hae ki uske Tower of London me kaam rahaa. City Hustings Roll 110, 5, Ric II, dated June 1380 me, Chaucer apne ke me Galfridum Chaucer, filium Johannis Chaucer, Vinetarii, Londonie, Latin for: "I, Geoffrey Chaucer, son of the vintner John Chaucer, London" ke naam diis hae.[9]
Kaam
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jab ki Chaucer ke jamaana ke log ,William Langland aur Gawain Poet ke baare me kushh likha chij nai hae, Chaucer ek public servant rahaa jiske official life ke achchhaa se documented karaa gais rahaa. Lagbhag 500 likha gais chij uske kaam ke baare me batae hae. Pahila 'Chaucer Life Records' 1357 me aais rahaa Elizabeth de Burgh, the Countess of Ulster ke ghar ke records me, jab uu ek noblewoman ke page banaa rahaa aapan pitaji ke connection ke kaaaran,[10] ek samaan medieval ke jamaana ke larrka log ke khaatir apprenticeship knighthood ke khaatir , nai to ek achchhaa appointment. De Burgh ke saadi Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence, the second surviving son of Edward III; this position brought the teenage Chaucer into the close court circle, where he was to remain for the rest of his life. He was also employed as a courtier, a diplomat and a civil servant, as well as working for the king from 1389 to 1391 as Clerk of the King's Works.[11]
References
[badlo | source ke badlo]- ↑ Echard, Sian; Rouse, Robert (2017). The Encyclopedia of Medieval Literature in Britain, 4 Volume Set. John Wiley & Sons. p. 425. ISBN 9781118396988. https://books.google.com/books?id=UXoqDwAAQBAJ&q=chaucer+wine+purveyor&pg=PA425. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
- ↑ Derek Brewer (1992). Chaucer and His World. Boydell & Brewer Ltd. pp. 18–19. ISBN 978-0-85991-366-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=_l3StHI3nBUC&pg=PA18.
- ↑ Marion Turner (9 April 2019). Chaucer: A European Life. Princeton University Press. p. 26. ISBN 978-0-691-16009-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=fA2GDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA26.
- ↑ Briggs, Keith (2024). "The Ipswich ancestors of Geoffrey Chaucer". Proceedings of the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and History 45 (4): 691-701.
- ↑ Briggs, Keith (June 2019). "The Malins in Chaucer's Ipswich Ancestry". Notes and Queries 66 (2): 201–202. doi:10.1093/notesj/gjz004.
- ↑ Hanks, Patrick; Coates, Richard; McClure, Peter, eds. (2016). "Chaucer". The Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain and Ireland. Oxford UP. ISBN 978-0-19-967776-4. https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199677764.001.0001/acref-9780199677764-e-07364.
- ↑ Benson, Larry Dean (2008). The Riverside Chaucer. Oxford University Press. p. xi.
- ↑ Skeat, W. W., ed. The Complete Works of Geoffrey Chaucer. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1899; Vol. I, pp. xi–xii.
- ↑ The Complete Works of Geoffrey Chaucer: Romaunt of the rose. Minor poems. Clarendon Press. 1894. pp. 13, 14.
- ↑ Skeat (1899); Vol. I, p. xvii.
- ↑ Rossignol, Rosalyn (2006). Critical Companion to Chaucer: A Literary Reference to His Life and Work. New York: Facts on File. pp. 551, 613. ISBN 978-0-8160-6193-8.