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Dmitri Mendeleev

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Dmitri Mendeleev
Born8 February 1834(1834-02-08)
Verkhnie Aremzyani, Russia
Died2 February 1907 (aged 72)
Saint Petersburg, Russia
FieldsChemistry
Institutions
  • Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology
Alma materSaint Petersburg Imperial University
Known for
Notable awards
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Dmitri Mendeleev (janam Dmitriy Ivanovich Mendeleyev, 27 January 1834 Tobolsk, Russia me – maut: 2 February 1907 Saint Petersburg me) ek Russian chemist rahaa. Uu periodic table of elements ke pahila version ke banais rahaa. Uske dher prediction, uu element ke baare me jiske uu time talak pawa nai gais rahaa, baad me right nikla.

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Portraits of Maria Dmitrievna Mendeleeva and Ivan Pavlovich Mendeleev (c. early 19th century)

Mendeleev ke janam Verkhnie Aremzyani gaon, Tobolsk ke lage Siberia me bhais rahaa. Uske pitaji, Ivan Pavlovich Mendeleev (1783–1847) aur ammaa Maria Dmitrievna Mendeleeva (née Kornilieva) (1793–1850) rahii.[1][2] Ivan ek school principal aur ek teacher of fine arts, politics aur philosophy Tambov aur Saratov gymnasiums me rahaa.[3] Ivan ke pitaji , Pavel Maximovich Sokolov, ek Russian Orthodox padhri Tver region se rahaa.[4] Sanskriti ke anusaar, uu time ke padhrri ke larrkan ke naam badlaa jaawat rahaa jab uu log theological seminary me parrhat rahin,[5] jisse Ivan ke family naam Mendeleev local landlord ke baad dewa gais rahaa.[6]

Maria Kornilieva ek jaana-maana Tobolsk ke merchant palwaar ke rahii. came from a well-known family of Tobolsk merchants, jon pahila Siberian printing house ke suruu kare rahin aur aapan ancestory ke Yakov Korniliev, a 17th-century posad aur uu e dhani merchant hoe gais rahaa.[7][8] 1889 me,ek local librarian Tobolsk newspaper me publish karis rahaa jisme uu claim karis rahaa ki Yakov ke Teleut baptise karaa gais rahaa, ek jaat ke log jiske uu time "white Kalmyks" ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa .[9] kaaheki koi source ke nai dewa gais hae aur koi likha gais facts Yakov ke jindaki pe nai dewa gais . aur biographers jaada ke iske myth maane hae.[10][11] 1908 me, Mendeleev ke maut ke kuchh din baad, uske ek niece publish karis rahaa Family Chronicles. Memories about D. I. Mendeleev jahan pe uu voiced "a family legend" ke baare me likhis rahaa, ki Maria ke aaja saadi karis rahaa "ek Kyrgyz nai to Tatar ke sundri, jisse uu etna pyaar karat rahaa ki jab uu mar gais tab uu apne soch se mar gais rahaa".[12] Ii documented family chronicles ke contradict kare hae aur iske Mendeleev ke autobiography support kare hae, uske aurat aur larrki ke memoirs.[2][13][14] Fir bhi kuchh Western scholars abhi talak Mendelee ke "Mongol", "Tatar", "Tartarian" rahaaa, nai to khaali "Asian" ancestry ke rahaa.[15][16][17][18]

Mendeleev ke Orthodox Christian me paala gais rahaa, uske maiyaa, Mendaleev ke encourage karat rahii "patiently search divine and scientific truth".[19] Uske larrkaa, Ivan baad me ii batais rahaa ki Mendeleev Church se duur hoe gais rahaa aur ek rakam ke "romanticized deism" ke follow karat rahaa.[20]

  1. ↑ Rao, C N R; Rao, Indumati (2015). Lives and Times of Great Pioneers in Chemistry: (Lavoisier to Sanger). World Scientific. p. 119. ISBN 978-9814689076.
  2. 1 2 Maria Mendeleeva (1951). D. I. Mendeleev's Archive: Autobiographical Writings. Collection of Documents. Volume 1 // Biographical notes about D. I. Mendeleev (written by me – D. Mendeleev), p. 13. – Leningrad: D. I. Mendeleev's Museum-Archive, 207 pages (in Russian)
  3. ↑ Maria Mendeleeva (1951). D. I. Mendeleev's Archive: Autobiographical Writings. Collection of Documents. Volume 1 // From a family tree documented in 1880 by brother Pavel Ivanovich, p. 11. Leningrad: D. I. Mendeleev's Museum-Archive, 207 pages (in Russian)
  4. ↑ Dmitriy Mendeleev: A Short CV, and A Story of Life Archived 25 August 2017 at the Wayback Machine, mendcomm.org
  5. ↑ Удомельские корни Дмитрия Ивановича Менделеева (1834–1907) Archived 8 Saptambar 2007 at the Wayback Machine, starina.library.tver.ru
  6. ↑ Larcher, Alf (21 June 2019). "A mother's love: Maria Dmitrievna Mendeleeva". Chemistry in Australia magazine (in English). Royal Australian Chemical Institute. ISSN 1839-2539. Archived from the original on 26 August 2019. Retrieved 20 October 2019.
  7. ↑ Yuri Mandrika (2004). Tobolsk Governorate Vedomosti: Staff and Authors. Anthology of Tobolsk Journalism of the late XIX – early XX centuries in 2 Books // From the interview with Maria Mendeleeva, born Kornilieva, p. 351. Tumen: Mandr i Ka, 624 pages
  8. ↑ Elena Konovalova (2006). A Book of the Tobolsk Governance. 1790–1917. Novosibirsk: State Public Scientific Technological Library, p. 15 (in Russian) ISBN 5945601160
  9. ↑ Yuri Mandrika (2004). Tobolsk Governorate Vedomosti: Staff and Authors. Anthology of Tobolsk Journalism of the late XIX – early XX centuries in 2 Books // The Kornilievs, Tobolsk Manufacturers article by Stepan Mameev, p. 314. – Tumen: Mandr i Ka, 624 pages
  10. ↑ Eugenie Babaev (2009). "Mendelievia. Part 3" article from the Chemistry and Life – 21st Century journal at the MSU Faculty of Chemistry website (in Russian)
  11. ↑ Alexei Storonkin, Roman Dobrotyn (1984). D. I. Mendeleev's Life and Work Chronicles. Leningrad: Nauka, 539 pages, p. 25
  12. ↑ Nadezhda Gubkina (1908). Family Chronicles. Memories about D. I. Mendeleev. Saint Petersburg, 252 pages
  13. ↑ "Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev comes from indigenous Russian people", p. 5 // Olga Tritogova-Mendeleeva (1947). Mendeleev and His Family. Moscow: Academy of Sciences Publishing House, 104 pages
  14. ↑ Anna Mendeleeva (1928). Mendeleev in Life. Moscow: M. and S. Sabashnikov Publishing House, 194 pages
  15. ↑ Loren R. Graham, Science in Russia and the Soviet Union: A Short History, Cambridge University Press (1993), p. 45
  16. ↑ Isaac Asimov, Asimov on Chemistry, Anchoor Books (1975), p. 101
  17. ↑ Leslie Alan Horvitz, Eureka!: Scientific Breakthroughs that Changed the World, John Wiley & Sons (2002), p. 45
  18. ↑ Lennard Bickel, The deadly element: the story of uranium, Stein and Day (1979), p. 22
  19. ↑ Hiebert, Ray Eldon; Hiebert, Roselyn (1975). Atomic Pioneers: From ancient Greece to the 19th century. U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. Division of Technical Information. p. 25.
  20. ↑ Gordin, Michael D. (2004). A Well-ordered Thing: Dmitrii Mendeleev and the Shadow of the Periodic Table. Basic Books. pp. 229–230. ISBN 978-0465027750. https://archive.org/details/wellorderedthing00gord/page/229. "Mendeleev seemed to have very few theological commitments. This was not for lack of exposure. His upbringing was actually heavily religious, and his mother – by far the dominating force in his youth – was exceptionally devout. One of his sisters even joined a fanatical religious sect for a time. Despite, or perhaps because of, this background, Mendeleev withheld comment on religious affairs for most of his life, reserving his few words for anti-clerical witticisms ... Mendeleev's son Ivan later vehemently denied claims that his father was devoutly Orthodox: "I have also heard the view of my father's 'church religiosity' – and I must reject this categorically. From his earliest years Father practically split from the church – and if he tolerated certain simple everyday rites, then only as an innocent national tradition, similar to Easter cakes, which he didn't consider worth fighting against." ... Mendeleev's opposition to traditional Orthodoxy was not due to either atheism or scientific materialism. Rather, he held to a form of romanticized deism."
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