"China" ke source dekho

{{Infobox Country|
 fullcountryname=中华人民共和国 
Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó
People's Republic of China |
 image_flag=Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg |
 image_coa= National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (2).svg |
 image_location=China in its region (claimed hatched).svg |
 nationalmotto=(none) |
 nationalsong=March of the Volunteers |
 nationalflower=n/a |
 nationalanimal=n/a |
 officiallanguages=[[Chinese bhasa]]<br />Mandarin - official baat kare waala bhasa hae uu jagah ke chhorr ke jahan pe Cantonese, [[English bhasa|English]] nai to  [[Portuguese bhasa|Portuguese]] official bhasa hae (jaise ki Hong Kong aur Macao).  |
 populationtotal   = 1,306,314,812 |
 populationrank    = 1 |
 populationdensity = 140 |
 countrycapital=[[Beijing]] |
 countrylargestcity=[[Shanghai]] |
 areatotal=9,596,960 km² |
 arearank=3 |
 areawater=not available | 
 areawaterpercent=2.18% |
 establishedin=[[1 October]] ([[1949]]) |
 leadertitlename=President Xi Jinping<br />Premier Wen Jiabao |
 currency=Renminbi (RMB¥.) Hong Kong Dollar (HKD$.) and Macau Pataca (MOP)|
 utcoffset=+08:00 |
 dialingcode=86 (With the exception of Hong Kong(852) and Macau(853)) |
 internettld=.cn / .hk /.mo
}}

The '''People's Republic of China''' ([[Chinese bhasa]]: Simplified Chinese: '''中华人民共和国''', Traditional Chinese:'''中華人民共和國'''), eastern [[Asia]] me, ek communist [[des]] hae. China ke north me [[Mongolia]] aur [[Russia]] ke Siberia hae, south me [[Vietnam]], [[Laos]], [[Myanmar]] [[Bhutan]] aur [[Nepal]] aur west me [[Khazakistan]] hae. Iske east me [[South China Sea]] hae jiske uu paar [[Taiwan]], [[Korea]], aur [[Japan]] hae.

Iske Communist Party of China, [[1 October]] [[1949]] ke banais rahaa.  Iske abaadi dunia ke des me se sab se jaada hae. (1.4 billion log se jaada). 

Iske capital  [[Beijing]] hae, lekin [[Shanghae]] sab se barraa city hae. 1997 me [[United Kingdom]], [[Hong Kong]] ke control aur 1999 me [[Portugal]], [[Macao]] ke control China ke lautae diis.  Ii duuno city kuch self-governing hae jab ki central government defense aur foreign affairs ke pachaas saal talak control karii. '''[[Taiwan]]''' ke [[Island]] ke People's Republic of China claim kare hae lekin uske paas ii island ke control nai hae. [[Taiwan]], abhi ek democratic [[des]] hae jiske officially '''[[Republic of China|Republic of China (Taiwan)]]''' bolaa jaawe hae..

== Itihaas ==
China ke civilization, second millennium B.C.E. se hae jab ki ii ek feudal society rahaa.  Iske land area abhi ke China ke rakam dekhe me rahaa, western aur northen konaa ke chorr ke jon ke badalte rahat rahaa. Ispe Mongolian log jaise [[Genghis Khan]] aur [[Kublai Khan]] larrai karte rahin. Jab ki china first millennium C.E. aur second millennium C.E. ke suruu me bahut kuch achieve karis, ii 15th century C.E. me ek isolationaist des hoe gais.

Renaissance ke time talak Europe ke des Asia ke des ke colony banae lagis. Jab ki China ke puura koi des nai le paais rahaa, dher [[Europe]] ke des, jisme [[Britain]] main des rahaa, China me aapan influence barrhaen. Kahe ki China apne aap ke dunia ke aur des se duur rakhis rahaa, uu technology me pichhe parr gais rahaa aur British log ke roke nai paais. Ii uu time clear bhaes jab 19th century me Opium Wars me [[Britain]] China ke harrais. 

[[1911]] me monarchy ke Sun Yat-sen overthrow kar ke ek Nationalist government suruu karis. Dhire dhire Marxist philosophies faela. 1927 me [[Chiang Kai-shek]] ke niche Nationalist aur [[Mao Zedong]] ke niche Communist ke biich me larrai suruu hoe gais.  1930s me jab [[Japan]], China ke uppar larrai suruu karis tab Nationalists aur Communists ek hoe ke Japan se larrin. Ii larrai me 10 million se jaada log ke maut hoe gais. World War II ke baad civil war fir se suruu hoe gais

1949 me Communist Red Army jiit gais aur [[Chiang Kai-shek]] aur uske Nationalists loag [[Taiwan]] bhaag gain. [[Mao Zedong]] China ke leader [[1976]] talak rahaa jab uske maut hoe gais.  Ii time me China ke relationship Western World aur Russia se kharaab oe gais.  Mao Zedong ke uske Cultural Revolution khatir bhi jaana jae hae jisme dher logke maar dewa gis rahaa. Uske baad [[Deng Xiaoping]] leader banaa.  [[1979]] me, overabaadi problem ke kaaran, China, one-child policy laabu karis jon ke ketnaa larrkian paida karaa jaae sake hae ke uppar rok lagais.In [[August]] [[2008]] me  China, Summer Olympics ke pahila dafe host karis.

== Jagah ==
China, [[Russia]] ke baad, Asia ke duusra sab se barraa des hae agar khaali jamin ke dekhaa jaae lekin agar duuno jamiin aur samundar ke jorra jaae hae ta ii dunia ke duusra sab se barraa des hae. China ke border 14 des se hae. 

China me dher rakam ke mausam ke jagah hae. East me, Yellow Sea aur East China Sea ke lage jamiin bahut tagrra hae aur hian pe dher rakam ke kheti karaa jaawe hae. Mongolia ke lage grasslands hae. South China me dher pahaarr hae. South-east china Yellow River aur Yangtze River ke delta hae. China ke aur naddi hae; Xi, Mekong, Brahmaputra aur Amur. West me uuncha pahaarr hae jisme se sab se uunch Himalayas hae. Uuncha plateaus me  Taklamakan aur Gobi Desert hae

== China ke province ke suchi ==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:100%;"
|-
! align="center" |GB/T 2260-2007<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~chgis/work/design/chinastdb_1210.doc# |title=GB/T 2260 codes for the provinces of China |access-date=2011-10-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040305025950/http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~chgis/work/design/chinastdb_1210.doc# |archive-date=2004-03-05 |url-status=live }}</ref>
! align="center" |[[ISO 3166-2:CN|ISO]]<ref>[[ISO 3166-2:CN]] ([[ISO 3166-2]] codes for the provinces of China)</ref>
! align="left" |Province
! align="left" |Chinese<br />Hanyu Pinyin
! align="left" |Capital
! align="right" |Population<br>(2020)
! align="right" |Density<br>(per km<sup>2</sup>)
! align="right" |Area<br>(km<sup>2</sup>)
! align="center" class="alphabetical" | Abbreviation{{efn|Abbreviation in the parentheses is informal}}
|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | HE
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-HE
| [[Hebei]]
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Héběi Shěng</small>
| [[Shijiazhuang]]
| style="text-align:right;" |  74,610,235
| style="text-align:right;" | 393.08
| style="text-align:right;" | 189,809
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|冀}}</span><br><small>Jì</small>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | SX
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-SX
| [[Shanxi]]
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Shānxī Shěng</small>
| [[Taiyuan]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 34,915,616
| style="text-align:right;" | 222.80
| style="text-align:right;" | 156,713
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|晋}}</span><br><small>Jìn</small>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | LN
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-LN
| [[Liaoning]]
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Liáoníng Shěng </small>
| [[Shenyang]]
| style="text-align:right;" |  42,591,407
| style="text-align:right;" | 289.59
| style="text-align:right;" | 147,076
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|辽}}</span><br><small>Liáo</small>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | JL
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-JL
| [[Jilin]]
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Jílín Shěng   </small>
| [[Changchun]]
| style="text-align:right;" |  24,073,453
| style="text-align:right;" |  126.51
| style="text-align:right;" | 190,282
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|吉}}</span><br><small>Jí</small>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | HL
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-HL
| [[Heilongjiang]]
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Hēilóngjiāng Shěng </small>
| [[Harbin]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 31,850,088
| style="text-align:right;" |  67.37
| style="text-align:right;" | 472,766
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|黑}}</span><br><small>Hēi</small>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | JS
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-JS
| [[Jiangsu]]
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Jiāngsū Shěng </small>
| [[Nanjing]]
| style="text-align:right;" |  84,748,016
| style="text-align:right;" |  847.91
| style="text-align:right;" | 99,949
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|苏}}</span><br><small>Sū</small>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | ZJ
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-ZJ
| [[Zhejiang]]
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Zhèjiāng Shěng</small>
| [[Hangzhou]]
| style="text-align:right;" |  64,567,588
| style="text-align:right;" | 615.67
| style="text-align:right;" | 104,873
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|浙}}</span><br><small>Zhè</small>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | AH
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-AH
| [[Anhui]]
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Ānhuī Shěng   </small>
| [[Hefei]]
| style="text-align:right;" |  61,027,171
| style="text-align:right;" | 436.29
| style="text-align:right;" | 139,879
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|皖}}  </span><br><small>Wǎn</small>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | FJ
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-FJ
| [[Fujian]]{{efn|Most of the Fujian is administered by China, but Taiwan governs [[Kinmen County]] and [[Matsu Islands|Lienchiang County]] under its own [[Fujian Province, Republic of China|Fujian Province]].}}
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Fújiàn Shěng  </small>
| [[Fuzhou]]
| style="text-align:right;" |  41,540,086
| style="text-align:right;" |  335.66
| style="text-align:right;" | 123,756
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|闽}}  </span><br><small>Mǐn</small>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | JX
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-JX
| [[Jiangxi]]
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Jiāngxī Shěng </small>
| [[Nanchang]]
| style="text-align:right;" |  45,188,635
| style="text-align:right;" | 270.69
| style="text-align:right;" | 166,939
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|赣}}</span><br><small>Gàn</small>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | SD
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-SD
| [[Shandong]]
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Shāndōng Shěng </small>
| [[Jinan]]
| style="text-align:right;" |  101,527,453
| style="text-align:right;" |  643.78
| style="text-align:right;" | 157,704
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|鲁}}</span><br><small>Lǔ</small>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | HA
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-HA
| [[Henan]]
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Hénán Shěng   </small>
| [[Zhengzhou]]
| style="text-align:right;" |  99,365,519
| style="text-align:right;" |  600.52
| style="text-align:right;" | 165,467
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|豫}}</span><br><small>Yù</small>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | HB
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-HB
| [[Hubei]]
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Húběi Shěng   </small>
| [[Wuhan]]
| style="text-align:right;" |  57,752,557
| style="text-align:right;" | 310.87
| style="text-align:right;" | 185,776
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|鄂}}</span><br><small>È</small>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | HN
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-HN
| [[Hunan]]
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Húnán Shěng   </small>
| [[Changsha]]
| style="text-align:right;" |  66,444,864
| style="text-align:right;" | 313.65
| style="text-align:right;" | 211,842
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|湘}}</span><br><small>Xiāng</small>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | GD
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-GD
| [[Guangdong]]{{efn|Most of the Guangdong is administered by China, but Taiwan governs [[Pratas Island]] as part of the [[Dongsha Atoll National Park]].}}
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Guǎngdōng Shěng</small>
| [[Guangzhou]]
| style="text-align:right;" | 126,012,510
| style="text-align:right;" |  700.02
| style="text-align:right;" | 180,013
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|粤}}  </span><br><small>Yuè</small>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | HI
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-HI
| [[Hainan]]{{efn|Most of the Hainan is administered by China, while Taiwan governs [[Taiping Island]] as part of [[Cijin District, Kaohsiung]].}}
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Hǎinán Shěng  </small>
| [[Haikou]]
| style="text-align:right;" |   10,081,232
| style="text-align:right;" |  294.27
| style="text-align:right;" |  34,259
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|琼}}</span><br><small>Qióng</small>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | SC
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-SC
| [[Sichuan]]
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Sìchuān Shěng </small>
| [[Chengdu]]
| style="text-align:right;" |  83,674,866
| style="text-align:right;" |  174.93
| style="text-align:right;" | 484,056
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|川(蜀)}}</span><br><small>Chuān (Shǔ)</small>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | GZ
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-GZ
| [[Guizhou]]
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Guìzhōu Shěng </small>
| [[Guiyang]]
| style="text-align:right;" |  38,562,148
| style="text-align:right;" | 218.93
| style="text-align:right;" | 176,140
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|贵(黔)}}</span><br><small>Guì (Qián)</small>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | YN
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-YN
| [[Yunnan]]
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Yúnnán Shěng  </small>
| [[Kunming]]
| style="text-align:right;" |  47,209,277
| style="text-align:right;" |  123.20
| style="text-align:right;" | 383,195
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|云(滇)}}</span><br><small>Yún (Diān)</small>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | SN
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-SN
| [[Shaanxi]]
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Shǎnxī Shěng  </small>
| [[Xi'an]]
| style="text-align:right;" |  39,528,999
| style="text-align:right;" | 192.24
| style="text-align:right;" | 205,624
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|陕(秦)}}</span><br><small>Shǎn (Qín)</small>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | GS
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-GS
| [[Gansu]]
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Gānsù Shěng   </small>
| [[Lanzhou]]
| style="text-align:right;" |  25,019,831
| style="text-align:right;" |  54.70
| style="text-align:right;" | 457,382
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|甘(陇)}}</span><br><small>Gān (Lǒng)</small>
|-
| style="text-align:center;" | QH
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-QH
| [[Qinghai]]
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|}}</span><br><small>Qīnghǎi Shěng </small>
| [[Xining]]
| style="text-align:right;" |   5,923,957
| style="text-align:right;" | 8.58
| style="text-align:right;" | 690,355
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|青}}</span><br><small>Qīng</small>
|- style="background:#FFCCCC;" |-
| style="text-align:center;" | TW
| style="text-align:center;" | CN-TW{{efn|Has separate [[ISO 3166-2]] code: <code>TW</code>}}
| [[Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China|''Taiwan'']]{{efn|The [[People's Republic of China]] considers Taiwan to be its 23rd province, but Taiwan is currently administrated by the [[Republic of China]]. For more information, see the [[political status of Taiwan]]}}
| <span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|{{lang|zh-hans|台湾省}}}}</span><br><small>Táiwān Shěng </small>
| [[Taipei]]
| style="text-align:right;" |  23,162,123
| style="text-align:right;" |  650.97
| style="text-align:right;" | 36,161
| style="text-align:center;" |<span style="font-size:medium;">{{lang|zh|台(臺)}}</span><br><small>Tái</small>
|}

== People and Culture ==
[[File:Ethnolinguistic map of China 1983.png|thumb|250px|Ethnolinguistic map of China]]

[[Han Chinese|Han]], mainland China ke sab se barraa ethnic group hae. 2010 me, 91.51% population ke Han classify karaa gais rahaa (~1.2 billion).<ref>{{cite web|title=Han Chinese proportion in China's population drops: census data |date=28 April 2011 |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/china/2011-04/28/c_13849933.htm |website=Xinhua News (English) |access-date=1 September 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160711022113/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/china/2011-04/28/c_13849933.htm |archive-date=11 July 2016}}</ref> [[Han Chinese]] ke alawaa, 55 aur ethnic (minority) groups hae, jiske number  approximately 105 million people (8%) hae, jon ki jaada kar ke are concentrated in the bordering northwest, north, northeast, south and southwest.

Khass [[ethnic minorities in China]] hae [[Zhuang people|Zhuang]] (19.6 million), [[Uyghurs]] (11 million), [[Hui people|Hui]] (11.4 million), [[Miao people|Miao]] (11 million), [[Manchu people|Manchu]] (10.4 million), [[Yi people|Yi]] (9.8 million), [[Tujia people|Tujia]] (9.6 million), [[Tibetan people|Tibetans]] (7 million), [[Mongols in China|Mongols]] (6.3 million), [[Bouyei people|Buyei]] (3.5 million), [[Kam people|Dong]] (3.5 million), [[Yao people|Yao]] (3.3 million), [[Bai people|Bai]] (2 million), [[Koreans in China|Koreans]] (1.7 million), [[Hani people|Hani]] (1.7 million), [[Hlai people|Li]] (1.6 million), [[Kazakhs in China|Kazakhs]] (1.5 million), and [[Dai people|Dai]] (1.2 million).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/pcsj/rkpc/6rp/indexch.htm |title=index |website=www.stats.gov.cn}}</ref> Lagbhag 126,000 people [[Canada]], the [[United States]], aur [[Europe]] se, mainland China me rahe hae.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.beijingrelocation.com/blog/expats-in-china-nationalities-and-in-which-cities-they-settle/ |title=Expats in China: Nationalities and in which cities they settle}}</ref> Iske alaawa, there are a number of [[Unrecognized ethnic groups in China|unrecognized ethnic groups]] which together comprise over 730,000 people.

==China ke Paramount Neta==
China ke paramount neta, Chinese Communist Party aur People's Liberation Army ke control kare hae. Uu Communist Party ke General Secretary aur Chairman of the Central Military Commission bhi rahe hae.

===Paramount neta ke suchi===
* [[1949]] - 1978 - [[Mao Zedong]]
* [[1978]] - 1989 - [[Deng Xiaoping]]
* [[1989]] - 2002 -[[Jiang Zemin]]
* [[2002]] - 2012 - [[Hu Jintao]]
* [[2012]] - &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[[Xi Jinping]]

== li bhi dekho ==
India(Baratia), China(Basin), Afghanisthan(India), Pakistan(Peckerstan), Mumbai(mudia), Ethiopia(Mongolia), mongolia(Ethiopia), argentina(Argentine), United Arab emirates(Arab emirates)

== Chapa ke gallery ==

<div align="center">
<gallery>
file:Shanghai Stock Exchange Building.jpg|Shanghae Stock Exchange
file:Tiananmen Square Visit.jpg|The Great Hall of the People
file:Saihanba5.jpg|North China ke grassland
file:Chinafarmland.jpg|East China ke khet
file:Yamdrok-tso-2.jpg|Tibetan Plateau
file:Sanya Sun Photo by Dale Preston.jpg|Hainan, South China Sea ke lage
file:Lijiang river, Guangxi, China.jpg|Li Naddi.
</gallery>
</div>

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:People's Republic of China| ]]