Thailand
Thailand ราชอาณาจักรไทย Raja-anachakra Thai | |||||
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Des ke jaankari | |||||
Des ke motto: | Nation, Religion, King | ||||
National anthem: | Phleng Chat | ||||
Log ke baare me | |||||
Official bhasa: | Thai | ||||
Abaadi: | |||||
- Total: | 68,863,514 (ranked 20) | ||||
- Density: | 131 per km² | ||||
Jagha | |||||
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Capital City: | Bangkok | ||||
Sab se barraa City: | Bangkok | ||||
Area | |||||
- Total: | 514,000 (ranked 49) | ||||
- Water: | n/a km² (0.4%) | ||||
Politics / Government | |||||
Established: | 7 April, 1782 | ||||
Leader: | King: Rama X Prime Minister: Prayut Chan-o-cha | ||||
Economy / Money | |||||
Paisa ke naam: | Baht | ||||
International information | |||||
Time ke zone: | +7 | ||||
Telephone ke dialing code: | 66 | ||||
Internet domain: | .th |
Thailand, nai to Kingdom of Thailand Southeast Asia me ek des hae. Iske parrosi des Laos, Cambodia, Malaysia, aur Myanmar hae. Iske naam 24 June 1939 talak Siam rahaa.[1] Iske fir se Siam 1945 se lae ke May 11 1949 bola jawat rahaa, jab ke iske naam badal ke Thailand kar dewa gais. Thai (ไทย) sabd uu jaat ke naam se aawe hai jon ki ii des ke biich me rahe hae.Thailand ke capital city Bangkok hae. Thailand, Southeast Asia ke ekke des hai jispe koi Western power raaj nai karis hae.
Thailand ek constitutional monarchy hae. Iske raja des ke head of state hae. Anhi ke raja Bhumibol Adulyadejhai.
Thailand ke 95% log Buddhism dharam ke maane hai lekin des ke south me kuchh log Islam ke maane hae. Des ke south me kuchh Muslim log sarkar se larre hai jisse ki uu logan ke ajaadi mil jaae sake. Des ke aur dharam hai Christianity, Hinduism, aur Sikhism.
Itihaas
[badlo | source ke badlo]Praana itihaas
[badlo | source ke badlo]Thailand me insaan ke rahe ke sabuut 20,000 saal pahile se hae.[2] Dhaan ke kheti ke sabuut 2,000 BCE se hae.[3] Abhi ke Thailand ke jagha ke log Maritime Jade Road me rahin jisme 2000 BCe se 1000 CE talak trade karaa jaawat rahaa.[4][5][6][7] Thailand me bronze 1000 BCE se kaam me laawa jaae hae. Bon Chiang, jon northeast Thailand me hae, me Southeast Asia ke sab sepuraana copper aur bronze produce kare waala jagha hae.[8] Loha ke Thailand me 500 BCE se kaam me laawa jaae hae.
Funan ke Kingdom, 200BCE me Southeast Asia ke sab se taagatwar rajya rahaa. 6th century me Mon log, Dvaravati aur Hariphunchai ke kingdom suruu kare rahin. 9th century me Khmer log ek Empire ke suruu kare rahin jiske rajdhani Angkor me rahaa. 19th century me ek Malay stte, jiske naam Tambrainga rahaa, Malacca Strait se trade ke control karat rahaa. Indochina ke peninsula me, Funan se Khmer kingdom talak, India ke influence rahaa.[9]
Thai log, Tai ethnic group ke hae, jiske ii log ke common bhasa ke root se samjha jaae hae.[10] China ke itihaas me Tai log ke 6th century BCE me likha gais hae
Thai log abhi ke Thailand me 6th se 11th century me aae ke suruu karin, jahan pe pahile Mon aur Khmer log rahat rahin.[11] Iske matlab ii hae ki Thai log ke sanskriti Hindustani, Mon aur Khmer sanskriti se influence bhais hae.[12] Tai log dher jaat ke log se mil ke aaj ke Thailand ke dher ethnic group ke banain hae, lekin bahut log ii biswas kare hae ki Thai ek jaat nai hae, lekin ek sankritic group hae.[13]
Thai log ke Champa ke rajya me gulaam nai to jaheli ke ruup me mention karaa jaae hae, aur Angkor Wat ke itihaas me kuch siphaai ke group ke "Shyam" ke naam dewa gais hae, lekin Champ ke itihaas me ii log ke jaati ke baare me koi chij nai hae.[14] Kuchh log ii bhi biswas kare hae ki "Shyam" Shan log, Bru log, nai to Brau log hae.[14][15] Southeast Asia ke log "Shyam" naam Khmer, Cham Bagan aur Mon log ke bola jaae hae, lekin China ke log ii log ke Xian bole hae.
Puraana Tai confederate cities: (691 BCE - 13th century CE
[badlo | source ke badlo]

References
[badlo | source ke badlo]Footnotes
[badlo | source ke badlo]- ↑ Thailand (Siam) History, CSMngt-Thai.
- ↑ Barbara Leitch LePoer (1989). Thailand: A Country Study. Federal Research Division, Library of Congress.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Baker, Chris; Phongpaichit, Pasuk (2017). A History of Ayutthaya. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-19076-4. https://books.google.com/books?id=GHiuDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA27. Retrieved 15 December 2020.
- ↑ Tsang, Cheng-hwa (2008-01-24). "Recent advances in the Iron Age archaeology of Taiwan". Bulletin of the Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association 20. doi:10.7152/bippa.v20i0.11751. ISSN 1835-1794. http://journals.lib.washington.edu/index.php/JIPA/article/view/11751.
- ↑ Turton, M. (2021). Notes from central Taiwan: Our brother to the south. Taiwan's relations with the Philippines date back millennia, so it's a mystery that it's not the jewel in the crown of the New Southbound Policy. Taiwan Times.
- ↑ Everington, K. (2017). Birthplace of Austronesians is Taiwan, capital was Taitung: Scholar. Taiwan News.
- ↑ Bellwood, P., H. Hung, H., Lizuka, Y. (2011). Taiwan Jade in the Philippines: 3,000 Years of Trade and Long-distance Interaction. Semantic Scholar.
- ↑ Higham, Charles; Higham, Thomas; Ciarla, Roberto; Douka, Katerina; Kijngam, Amphan; Rispoli, Fiorella (10 December 2011). "The Origins of the Bronze Age of Southeast Asia". Journal of World Prehistory 24 (4): 227–274. doi:10.1007/s10963-011-9054-6. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/257607857. Retrieved 10 February 2018.
- ↑ Thailand. History Archived 2 Aprel 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Encyclopædia Britannica
- ↑ Wyatt, David K. (1984). Thailand: A Short History. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-03054-9. https://archive.org/details/thailand00davi.
- ↑ E. Jane Keyes; James A. Hafner; et al. (2018). "Thailand: History". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
- ↑ Keyes, Charles F. (1997). "Cultural Diversity and National Identity in Thailand". In Michael E. Brown. Government policies and ethnic relations in Asia and the Pacific. MIT Press. pp. 197–232. ISBN 9780262522458.
- ↑ "ชนชาติไทย 'ไม่ใช่' คนไทย โดย สุจิตต์ วงษ์เทศ". Matichon. 18 October 2023. Archived from the original on 20 February 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2024.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 Template:Cite thesis
- ↑ Juntanamalaga, Preecha (1 June 1988). "Thai or Siam?". Names 36 (1): 69–84. doi:10.1179/nam.1988.36.1-2.69. ISSN 1756-2279. http://ans-names.pitt.edu/ans/article/view/1181. Retrieved 5 April 2023.
Bahaari jorr
[badlo | source ke badlo]- The United States CIA website Archived 2005-06-12 at the Wayback Machine
- Thaigov.go.th Royal Government of Thailand
- Tourism Authority of Thailand Official tourism website
- Thai National Assembly Official Thai Parliament website
- Mfa.go.th Thailand Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Thailand travel guide from Wikivoyage
- Birdwatching in Thailand
- Learn Thai Culture.com
- CIA - The World Factbook - Thailand Archived 2010-12-29 at the Wayback Machine
- Thailand Country Fact Sheet from the Common Language Project
- Longdo Map Thailand On-line Thailand map
- Holidays Thailand Archived 2008-04-11 at the Wayback Machine Holidays In Thailand