Nanda Samrajya
Nanda dynasty | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| c. 345 BCE–c. 322 BCE[1] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Punch-marked coinage of the Nanda Empire
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| Status | Empire | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital | Pataliputra | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Religion | Jainism[4] Ajivikism[4] Buddhism[5] Brahmanism[6] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| King | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
• c. 345 – c. 340 BCE | Mahapadma (first) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
• c. 329 – c. 322 BCE | Dhana (last) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Historical era | Iron Age India | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Established | c. 345 BCE | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Disestablished | c. 322 BCE[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Today part of | Bangladesh India Nepal | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nanda Samrajya ek barraa samrajya rahaa jon Magadha aur Gangetic plains pe raaj karat rahaa jon 4th-century BCE northeastern India ke ek barraa ilaaka rahaa, aur kuchh log ii biswaas kare hae ki ii 5th century BCE se hae. Nanda log aapan safaltaa aapan purwaj Haryanka aur Shaishunaga pe banae rahin aur uu log ke ek centralised administration rahaa. Puraana itihaas ii batae hae ki ii log ke lage dher paisa rahaa, saait ii kaaran se ki uulog ek nawaa currency aur taxation system ke laabu kare rahin.
Puraana putak ii bhi suggest kare hae ki Nanda log ke uulog ke subjects like nai karat rahin, uulog ke low-status paidaais, jaada taxation, aur badmasi ke kaaran. Aakhri Nanda raaja Dhana Nanda ke Chandragupta Maurya, jon Maurya Empire ke suruu karis rahaa, hatais rahaa.
Abhi ke historians log jaada kar ke Gangaridai aur uu Prasii jiske baare me puraana Greco-Roman accounts me bataawa gais hae, ek Nanda raaja rahaa. Alexander the Great ke invasion, Punjab ke (327–325 BCE) ke describe kare ke time, Greco-Roman lekhak ii raajya ke ek great military power batae hae. Uu raajya ke virod me larrai, jiske sena Macedonia se paanch gunaa rahaa,[7] aur iske saathe, das saal ke larrai ke thakaai ke kaaran Alexander ke homesick sipaahi lagbhag mutiny kar diin rahaa, aur ii kaaran se uske Indian campaign pe rukaawat aae gais rahaa.
Suruwaat
[badlo | source ke badlo]Maatr bhumi
[badlo | source ke badlo]Nanda Samrajya, Magadha ke khaas raaj kare waala authority ban gais rahaa,[8] Maurya Empire jon Ganga valley me ek barraa samrajya bane rahin, ke bane se pahile. Buddhist pustak ke anusaar, Nandas raaj ke aapan niche kare rahin khule aam larrai kar ke, secret intrigues aur assassinations se nai.[9]
Greek lekhak barra samrajya ke King Porus ke samrajya ke east ke baare me , Jhelum Naddi ke uu paar ke baare me likhin hae. Ii samrajya ke Gangaridae aur Prasioi ke niche rahe ke bataaawa gais hae, aur iske raajdhani ke Palibothra bataawa gais hae, jiske Pataliputra maana jaae hae. Prasioi Sanskrit sabd Prachya se aais hae, jiske matlab "eastern," hae aur Gangaridae ke Gangetic plain me trace karaa gais hae. Ii sab references ii batae hae ki Magadha samrajya Jhelum ke east talak rahaa, aur iske raajdhani Pataliputra rahaa.[9]
References
[badlo | source ke badlo]- 1 2 Irfan Habib & Vivekanand Jha 2004, p. 13.
- Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978). A Historical atlas of South Asia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 145, map XIV.1 (a). ISBN 0226742210. https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/schwartzberg/pager.html?object=182. Retrieved 25 March 2021. Archived 24 Farwari 2021 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978). A Historical atlas of South Asia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 145, map XIV.1 (a). ISBN 0226742210. https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/schwartzberg/pager.html?object=182. Retrieved 25 March 2021. Archived 24 Farwari 2021 at the Wayback Machine
- 1 2 Bronkhorst 2011, p. 12.
- ↑ Sujato & Brahmali 2014, p. 22-23.
- ↑ Bronkhorst 2011, p. 30-31.
- ↑ Bongard-Levin, G. (1979). A History of India. Moscow: Progress Publishers. pp. 264.
- ↑ Roy 2012, p. 58.
- 1 2 Mackenzie 2016, p. 1–4.